Isikhokelo soLawulo lwe-MICROCHIP Costas Loop
Intshayelelo
Kwi-wireless transmission, i-Transmitter (Tx) kunye ne-Receiver (Rx) ihlukaniswe ngumgama kwaye ihlukaniswe ngombane. Nangona zombini i-Tx kunye ne-Rx zihlanjululwe kwi-frequency efanayo, kukho i-frequency offset phakathi kwee-frequencies carrier ngenxa yokwahlukana kwe-ppm phakathi kwe-oscillators esetyenziswe kwi-Tx kunye ne-Rx. I-frequency offset ibuyekezwa ngokusebenzisa iindlela zongqamaniso ezincediswayo okanye ezingancediswanga (ezingaboniyo).
I-Costas Loop yindlela engaxhaswanga yi-PLL-based ye-carrier frequency offset imbuyekezo. Usetyenziso oluphambili lwee-loops ze-Costas lukwii-receiver ezingenazingcingo. Ngokusebenzisa oku, i-frequency offset phakathi kwe-Tx kunye ne-Rx ihlawulwa ngaphandle koncedo lweetoni zokulinga okanye iimpawu. I-Costas Loop iphunyezwe kwiimodyuli ze-BPSK kunye ne-QPSK kunye notshintsho kwibhloko yokubala impazamo. Ukuqesha iCostas Loop yesigaba okanye ungqamaniso lwamaza okuphindaphinda kunokubangela ukungacaci kwesigaba, ekufuneka kulungiswe kusetyenziswa ubuchule obufana nokwahluka kweekhowudi.
Isishwankathelo
Le theyibhile ilandelayo inika isishwankathelo seempawu zeCostas Loop.
Itheyibhile 1. Iimpawu zeCostas Loop
| Core Version | Olu xwebhu lusebenza kwiCostas Loop v1.0. |
| Izixhobo ezixhaswayo Iintsapho |
|
| Ixhasiwe Isixhobo Phula | Ifuna i-Libero® SoC v12.0 okanye ikhutshwe kamva. |
| Ukukhutshwa kwelayisensi | I-Costas Loop IP ecacileyo i-RTL ilayisenisi itshixiwe kwaye i-RTL efihliweyo ifumaneka simahla ngayo nayiphi na ilayisensi yeLibero. I-RTL Efihliweyo: Ikhowudi ye-RTL efihliweyo epheleleyo ibonelelwe ngondoqo, eyenza ukuba undoqo uqiniswe nge-Smart Design. Ukulinganisa, uHlangano, kunye noYilo lunokwenziwa ngesoftware yeLibero. Cima i-RTL: Gqibezela ikhowudi yemvelaphi ye-RTL ibonelelwa ngondoqo kunye neebhentshi zovavanyo. |
Iimbonakalo
ICostas Loop inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ixhasa iimodyuli zeBPSK kunye neQPSK
- Iparameters zeluphu ezinokwenzeka zoluhlu olubanzi lwamaza
Ukuphunyezwa kwe-IP Core kwi-Libero® Design Suite
Undoqo we-IP kufuneka ufakwe kwiKhathalogu ye-IP yesoftware yeLibero SoC. Oku kufakwa ngokuzenzekelayo nge-IP
Umsebenzi wohlaziyo lwekhathalogu kwisoftware yeLibero SoC, okanye i-IP engundoqo ikhutshelwa ngesandla kwikhathalogu. Kanye
i-IP core ifakwe kwi-software ye-Libero SoC ye-IP Catalog, ingundoqo iqwalaselwe, yenziwe, kwaye iqiniswe ngaphakathi kwesixhobo se-Smart Design sokufakwa kuluhlu lweprojekthi ye-Libero.
Ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo kunye nokuSebenza
Ezi theyibhile zilandelayo dwelisa ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo kwiCostas Loop.
Uluhlu 2. Ukusetyenziswa kweCostas Loop yeQPSK
| Iinkcukacha zesixhobo | Izibonelelo | Ukusebenza (MHz) | Ii-RAM | Iibhloko zeMathematika | Chip Globals | |||
| Usapho | Isixhobo | IiLUT | DFF | I-LSRAM | μSRAM | |||
| I-PolarFire® SoC | MPFS250T | 1256 | 197 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Umlilo wePolar | MPF300T | 1256 | 197 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
Itheyibhile 3. Ukusetyenziswa kweCostas Loop yeBPSK
| Iinkcukacha zesixhobo | Izibonelelo | Ukusebenza (MHz) | Ii-RAM | Iibhloko zeMathematika | Chip Globals | |||
| Usapho | Isixhobo | IiLUT | DFF | I-LSRAM | μSRAM | |||
| I-PolarFire® SoC | MPFS250T | 1202 | 160 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| Umlilo wePolar | MPF300T | 1202 | 160 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
Kubalulekile:
- Idatha kule theyibhile ibanjwa kusetyenziswa udibaniso oluqhelekileyo kunye nezicwangciso zoyilo. Umthombo wewotshi yereferensi yeCDR yamiselwa kuNikelwe kunye namanye amaxabiso abaqwalaseli angatshintshanga.
- Iwotshi inyanzelekile ukuba ibe yi-200 MHz ngelixa iqhuba uhlalutyo lwexesha lokufikelela kumanani okusebenza.
Inkcazo esebenzayo
Eli candelo lichaza iinkcukacha zokuphunyezwa kweCostas Loop.
Lo mfanekiso ulandelayo ubonisa umzobo webhloko yenqanaba lenkqubo yeCostas Loop.
Umfanekiso 1-1. Umzobo weNqanaba leSistim yeBhlokhi yeCostas Loop
I-latency phakathi kwegalelo kunye nemveliso ye-Costas top yi-11 clock cycle. THETA_OUT latency yi-10 iwotshi
imijikelo. I-Kp (i-proportionality constant), i-Ki (integral constant), i-Theta factor, kunye ne-LIMIT factor kufuneka ilungiswe ngokwemeko-bume yengxolo kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-frequency offset. ICostas Loop ithatha ixesha ukutshixa, njengakumsebenzi wePLL. Ezinye iipakethi zinokulahleka ngexesha lokuqala lokutshixa kweCostas Loop.
Uyilo lwezakhiwo
Ukuphunyezwa kweCostas Loop kufuna ezi bloko zine zilandelayo:
- Isihluzi seLoop (Umlawuli wePI kolu phumezo)
- Ijenereyitha yeTheta
- Ubalo lwemposiso
- Ukujikeleziswa kweVector
Umfanekiso 1-2. I-Costas Loop Block Diagram
Impazamo yeskimu sokumodareyitha esithile sibalwa ngokusekwe kumaxabiso ajikelezisiweyo e-I kunye ne-Q kusetyenziswa iModyuli yeVector Rotation. Isilawuli sePI sibala ukuphindaphinda ngokusekwe kwimpazamo, inzuzo elinganiselayo ye-Kp, kunye nenzuzo edityanisiweyo ye-Ki. Ubuninzi be-frequency offset bubekwe njengexabiso elilinganiselweyo kwimveliso yomlawuli we-PI. Imodyuli yeTheta Generator ivelisa i-engile ngokudibanisa. Igalelo letheta limisela ithambeka lokudibanisa kwaye lixhomekeke.
kwi sampiwotshi engapheliyo. I-angle eveliswe kwi-Theta Generator isetyenziselwa ukujikeleza ixabiso legalelo le-I kunye ne-Q. Umsebenzi wemposiso ukhethekileyo kudidi loguqulo. Njengoko umlawuli wePI ephunyezwa kwifomathi ye-fixed-point, ukulinganisa kwenziwa ngokulinganayo kunye neziphumo ezidibeneyo zomlawuli we-PI.
Ngokufanayo, ukukala kuyaphunyezwa ukudityaniswa kwetheta.
IProri eziPhambili ze-IP kunye ne-Interface Signals
Eli candelo lixoxa ngeeparamitha kwi-Costas Loop GUI configurator kunye neempawu ze-I / O.
Imimiselo yoqwalaselo
Le theyibhile ilandelayo idwelisa inkcazo yeeparamitha zoqwalaselo ezisetyenziswa kuphunyezo lwehardware yeCostas Loop. Ezi generic parameters ziyohluka ngokwemfuno yesicelo.
Uluhlu 2-1. Uqwalaselo Parameter
| Igama loMqondiso | Inkcazo |
| Uhlobo lokuModyuli | BPSK okanye QPSK |
Iimpawu kunye neziphumo zeMiqondiso
Le theyibhile ilandelayo idwelisa igalelo kunye nemveliso yamazibuko eCostas Loop.
Uluhlu 2-2. Iimpawu zokuPhuma kunye neZiphumo
| Igama loMqondiso | Isalathiso | Uhlobo loMqondiso | Ububanzi | Inkcazo |
| CLK_I | Igalelo | - | 1 | Umqondiso wewotshi |
| ARST_N_IN | Igalelo | - | 1 | Isiginali yokusetha ngokutsha esebenzayo ephantsi |
| I_DATA_IN | Igalelo | Isayinwe | 16 | Kwinqanaba / Ukufakwa kwedatha yokwenyani |
| Q_DATA_IN | Igalelo | Isayinwe | 16 | I-Quadrature / Igalelo ledatha ecingelwayo |
| KP_IN | Igalelo | Isayinwe | 18 | Ulungelelwaniso olungaguqukiyo lomlawuli wePI |
| KI_IN | Igalelo | Isayinwe | 18 | I-integral constant ye-PI controller |
| LIMIT_IN | Igalelo | Isayinwe | 18 | Umda womlawuli wePI |
| THETA_FACTOR_IN | Igalelo | Isayinwe | 18 | Inqaku leTheta lokudityaniswa kwetheta. |
| I_DATA_OUT | Isiphumo | Isayinwe | 16 | Kwinqanaba / Isiphumo sedatha yokwenyani |
| Q_DATA_OUT | Isiphumo | Isayinwe | 16 | I-Quadrature / Imveliso yedatha ecingelwayo |
| THETA_OUT | Isiphumo | Isayinwe | 10 | Isalathisi seTheta esibaliweyo (0-1023) sokuqinisekisa |
| PI_OUT | Isiphumo | Isayinwe | 18 | Imveliso yePI |
Imizobo yexesha
Eli candelo lixoxa ngomzobo wexesha weCostas Loop.
Lo mfanekiso ulandelayo ubonisa umzobo wexesha leCostas Loop.
Umfanekiso 3-1. Umzobo wexesha leCostas Loop
Testbench
I-testbench edibeneyo isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa kunye nokuvavanya i-Costas Loop ebizwa ngokuba yibhentshi yovavanyo lomsebenzisi. Ibhentshi yovavanyo inikezelwe ukujonga ukusebenza kweCostas Loop IP.
Imiqolo yokulinganisa
Ukulinganisa undoqo usebenzisa i-testbench, yenza la manyathelo alandelayo:
- Vula isicelo seLibero SoC, cofa iCatalog tab, wandise iiSolution-Wireless, cofa kabini i-COSTAS LOOP, uze ucofe u-Kulungile. Amaxwebhu anxulumene ne-IP adweliswe phantsi kwaMaxwebhu.
Kubalulekile: Ukuba awuyiboni ikhathalogu thebhu, yiya ku View > Imenyu yeWindows kwaye ucofe iKhathalogu ukuze ibonakale.
Umfanekiso 4-1. ICostas Loop IP Core kwikhathalogu yeLibero SoC
- Lungisa i-IP ngokwemfuno yakho.
Umfanekiso 4-2. Umqwalaseli GUI
Ukukhuthaza yonke imiqondiso ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye uvelise uyilo - Kwi-Stimulus Hierarchy thebhu, cofa uBuild Hierarchy.
Umfanekiso 4-3. Yakha iHierarchy
- Kwi-Stimulus Hierarchy tab, cofa ekunene ibhentshi yovavanyo (Costas loop bevy), yalatha kuLingisa uyilo olukhoyo, kwaye emva koko ucofe Vula ngokuSebenzayo.
Umfanekiso 4-4. Ukulinganisa uYilo lwe-Pre-Synthesis
I-ModelSim ivula nge-testbench file, njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ulandelayo.
Umfanekiso 4-5. Ifestile yeModelSim yokulinganisa
Kubalulekile: Ukuba ukulinganisa kuphazamisekile ngenxa yomda wexesha lokuqhuba elichazwe kwi-.do file, sebenzisa i run -all command ukugqiba ukulinganisa
Imbali yohlaziyo
Imbali yohlaziyo ichaza utshintsho oluthe lwaphunyezwa kuxwebhu. Ezi nguqulelo zidweliswe ngohlaziyo, kuqalwa kolona papasho lwangoku.
Uluhlu 5-1. Imbali yohlaziyo
| Uhlaziyo | Umhla | Inkcazo |
| A | 03/2023 | Ukukhutshwa kokuqala |
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ulwazi olufumaneka lula kubathengi. Eminye imixholo ekhoyo iquka:
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- Inkxaso yobuGcisa ngokubanzi – Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQs), izicelo zenkxaso yobugcisa, amaqela eengxoxo kwi-Intanethi, uluhlu lwamalungu enkqubo yoyilo lweMicrochip
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Uxhaso lwabathengi
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Inkxaso yobugcisa ifumaneka nge webindawo e: www.microchip.com/support
Microchip Devices Code Protection Feature
Qaphela ezi nkcukacha zilandelayo zenqaku lokhuseleko lwekhowudi kwiimveliso zeMicrochip:
- Iimveliso zeMicrochip ziyahlangabezana nemigaqo equlethwe kwiMicrochip Data Sheet yazo.
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- Ayikho i-Microchip okanye nawuphi na umenzi we-semiconductor onokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwekhowudi yayo. Ukukhuselwa kwekhowudi akuthethi ukuba siqinisekisa ukuba imveliso "ayinakwaphulwa". Ukhuseleko lwekhowudi luhlala luvela. I-Microchip izinikele ekuphuculeni ngokuqhubekayo iimpawu zokukhusela ikhowudi kwiimveliso zethu
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Olu papasho kunye nolwazi olulapha lunokusetyenziswa kuphela ngeemveliso zeMicrochip, kubandakanya ukuyila, ukuvavanya,
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lendawo Microchip ofisi yokuthengisa inkxaso eyongezelelweyo okanye, ukufumana inkxaso eyongezelelweyo kwi www.microchip.com/en us/support/design-help/client-support-services.
OLU LWAZI LUBONWA NGE-MICROCHIP “NJENGOKO ZINJALO”. I-MICROCHIP AYENZA Mmeli OKANYE IZIQINISEKISO ZALO NALUPHI UHLOBO, OKANYE INGCACILEYO OKANYE IYATHENWA, IYABHALWA OKANYE NGOMLOMO, NGOMTHETHO OKANYE NGOLUNYE, ENXULUMENE NOLWAZI KUBANDAKANYA KODWA AYIMDALWA KUSO NAsiphi na ISIQINISEKISO SOKUBANISWA, UKUFANELEKILEYO NGENJONGO ETHILE, OKANYE IZIQINISEKISO EZINXULUMENE NEMEKO, UMGANGATHO, OKANYE UKUSEBENZA KWAYO.
AKUKHO SIGANEKO IYA KUTHWATHWA NALUPHI NA I-MICROCHIP ESIYA KUTHWALA NGALO NALUPHI NA ULWAZI, OLUKHETHEKILEYO, LWESOHLWAYO, NGESIGANEKO, OKANYE OKUPHUMELELE Ilahleko, UMONAKALO, IINDLEKO, OKANYE INKCITHO YALO NOLUPHI NA UHLOBO ELUYANXULUMENE NOLWAZI OKANYE UKUSETYENZISWA KWALO, NANGONA INGCACISO, NANGENZWENI. OKUSEKO OKANYE UMONAKALO UYABONAKALA. NGOKUPHELELEYO UXANDUVA LUVUMELEKILEYO NGOMTHETHO, UXANDUVA LWONKE LE-MICROCHIP KULONKE AMABANGO NGAYO NAYIPHI NA IINDLELA EZINXULUMENE NOLWAZI OKANYE UKUSETYENZISWA KWALO AKUYI KUGQIBELA ISIXA SOMRHUMO, UKUBA NAKHO, OWUHLAWULE NGQO UKUBA ULWAZI LWAZI.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zeMicrochip kwinkxaso yobomi kunye / okanye izicelo zokhuseleko ngokupheleleyo kumngcipheko womthengi, kwaye umthengi uyavuma ukukhusela, ukuhlawulela kwaye ubambe iMicrochip engenabungozi kuyo nayiphi na kunye nawo wonke umonakalo, amabango, iisuti, okanye iindleko ezibangelwa kukusetyenziswa okunjalo. Akukho zilayisenisi zigqithiswayo, ngokungafihlisiyo okanye ngenye indlela, phantsi kwawo nawaphi na amalungelo epropathi yemveliso yeMicrochip ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela.
Inkqubo yoLawulo loMgangatho
Ngolwazi malunga neMicrochip's Quality Management Systems, nceda undwendwele www.microchip.com/quality.
Intengiso kunye neNkonzo yeHlabathi liphela
| AMAMERIKA | I-ASIA/PACIFIC | I-ASIA/PACIFIC | I-YUROYA |
| IOfisi yoShishino2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199Tel: 480-792-7200Fax: 480-792-7277Technical Support: www.microchip.com/support Web Idilesi: www.microchip.com eAtlanta Duluth, GA Umnxeba: 678-957-9614Fax: 678-957-1455Austin, TX Umnxeba: 512-257-3370eBoston Westborough, MA Umnxeba: 774-760-0087Fax: 774-760-0088eChicagoItasca, IL Umnxeba: 630-285-0071Fax: 630-285-0075eDallasAddison, TX Umnxeba: 972-818-7423Fax: 972-818-2924eDetroitNovi, MI Umnxeba: 248-848-4000eHouston, TX Umnxeba: 281-894-5983Indianapolis Noblesville, IN Umnxeba: 317-773-8323Fax: 317-773-5453Tel: 317-536-2380Ilos angeles Mission Viejo, CA Umnxeba: 949-462-9523Fax: 949-462-9608Tel: 951-273-7800Raleigh, NC Umnxeba: 919-844-7510ENew York, NY Umnxeba: 631-435-6000San Jose, CA Umnxeba: 408-735-9110Tel: 408-436-4270Canada - Toronto Umnxeba: 905-695-1980Fax: 905-695-2078 | EOstreliya - eSydney Umnxeba: 61-2-9868-6733China-Beijing Umnxeba: 86-10-8569-7000China-Chengdu Umnxeba: 86-28-8665-5511China - Chongqing Umnxeba: 86-23-8980-9588China-Dongguan Umnxeba: 86-769-8702-9880China - Guangzhou Umnxeba: 86-20-8755-8029China-Hangzhou Umnxeba: 86-571-8792-8115China-Hong Kong SAR Umnxeba: 852-2943-5100China-Nanjing Umnxeba: 86-25-8473-2460China - Qingdao Umnxeba: 86-532-8502-7355China - Shanghai Umnxeba: 86-21-3326-8000China – Shenyang Umnxeba: 86-24-2334-2829China-Shenzhen Umnxeba: 86-755-8864-2200China - Suzhou Umnxeba: 86-186-6233-1526China - Wuhan Umnxeba: 86-27-5980-5300China - Xian Umnxeba: 86-29-8833-7252China - Xiamen Umnxeba: 86-592-2388138China - Zhuhai Umnxeba: 86-756-3210040 | EIndiya-Bangalore Umnxeba: 91-80-3090-4444EIndiya-eNew Delhi Umnxeba: 91-11-4160-8631Indiya-IPune Umnxeba: 91-20-4121-0141Japan - Osaka Umnxeba: 81-6-6152-7160EJapan - eTokyo Umnxeba: 81-3-6880-3770Korea - Daegu Umnxeba: 82-53-744-4301Korea - Seoul Umnxeba: 82-2-554-7200IMalaysia-Kuala Lumpur Umnxeba: 60-3-7651-7906EMalaysia - ePenang Umnxeba: 60-4-227-8870IiPhilippines - eManila Umnxeba: 63-2-634-9065Singapho Umnxeba: 65-6334-8870ITaiwan-Hsin Chu Umnxeba: 886-3-577-8366ITaiwan-Kaohsiung Umnxeba: 886-7-213-7830eTaiwan – eTaipei Umnxeba: 886-2-2508-8600EThailand - eBangkok Umnxeba: 66-2-694-1351IVietnam - iHo Chi Minh Umnxeba: 84-28-5448-2100 | EOstriya-Wels Tel: 43-7242-2244-39Fax: 43-7242-2244-393EDenmark - eCopenhagen Tel: 45-4485-5910Fax: 45-4485-2829EFinland - Espoo Umnxeba: 358-9-4520-820EFransi - eParis Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79EJamani - Ukutya Umnxeba: 49-8931-9700EJamani-Haan Umnxeba: 49-2129-3766400EJamani - Heilbronn Umnxeba: 49-7131-72400EJamani-Karlsruhe Umnxeba: 49-721-625370EJamani-Munich Tel: 49-89-627-144-0Fax: 49-89-627-144-44EJamani - iRosenheim Umnxeba: 49-8031-354-560USirayeli - Ra'anana Umnxeba: 972-9-744-7705EItali - eMilan Tel: 39-0331-742611Fax: 39-0331-466781EItali - ePadova Umnxeba: 39-049-7625286ENetherlands – Drunen Tel: 31-416-690399Fax: 31-416-690340INorway - iTrondheim Umnxeba: 47-72884388Poland - Warsaw Umnxeba: 48-22-3325737I-Romania-Bucharest Tel: 40-21-407-87-50Spain -Madrid Tel: 34-91-708-08-90Fax: 34-91-708-08-91eSweden-Gothenburg Tel: 46-31-704-60-40eSweden-Stockholm Umnxeba: 46-8-5090-4654E-UK-Wokingham Tel: 44-118-921-5800Fax: 44-118-921-5820 |
Amaxwebhu / Izibonelelo
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Ulawulo lwe-MICROCHIP Costas Loop [pdf] Isikhokelo somsebenzisi Ulawulo lweCostas Loop, uLawulo lweLoop, uLawulo |