ENGINNERS ESP8266 Ibhodi yoPhuhliso yeNodeMCU
I-Intanethi yeZinto (IoT) ibe yindawo ehamba phambili kwihlabathi letekhnoloji. Itshintshile indlela esisebenza ngayo. Izinto ezibonakalayo kunye nehlabathi ledijithali zixhunyiwe ngoku kunanini na ngaphambili. Ukugcina oku engqondweni, i-Espressif Systems (i-Shailand-based Semiconductor Company) ikhuphe i-microcontroller ye-WiFi ekhangayo, enobungakanani be-WiFi-ESP8266, ngexabiso elingakholelekiyo! Ngaphantsi kwe-3 yeedola, inokubeka iliso kwaye ilawule izinto ukusuka naphi na emhlabeni - igqibelele malunga nayo nayiphi na iprojekthi ye-IoT.
Ibhodi yophuhliso ixhobisa imodyuli ye-ESP-12E equlethe i-chip ye-ESP8266 ene-Tensilica Xtensa® 32-bit LX106 RISC microprocessor esebenza kwi-80 ukuya kwi-160 MHz i-clock adjustable frequency kwaye ixhasa i-RTOS.
I-ESP-12E Chip
- Tensilica Xtensa® 32-bit LX106
- 80 ukuba 160 MHz Clock Freq.
- 128kB RAM yangaphakathi
- 4MB isibane sangaphandle
- 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi itransceiver
Kukho kwakhona i-128 KB RAM kunye ne-4MB yememori yeFlash (yenkqubo kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha) ngokwaneleyo ukumelana neentambo ezinkulu ezenza web amaphepha, idatha ye-JSON/XML, kunye nayo yonke into esiyijulayo kwizixhobo ze-IoT kule mihla. I-ESP8266 Integrates 802.11b/g/n HT40 Wi-Fi transceiver, ngoko ayikwazi ukuqhagamshela kuphela kwinethiwekhi ye-WiFi kwaye inxibelelane ne-Intanethi, kodwa inokuseta inethiwekhi yayo, ivumela ezinye izixhobo ukuba ziqhagamshelane ngokuthe ngqo. yona. Oku kwenza i-ESP8266 NodeMCU ibe nezinto ezininzi ngakumbi.
Imfuneko yamandla
Njengoko voltagUluhlu lwe-ESP8266 yi-3V ukuya kwi-3.6V, ibhodi iza ne-LDO voltage umlawuli ukugcina voltage uzinzile kwi-3.3V. Inokubonelela ngokuthembekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-600mA, ekufuneka ibe ngaphezulu kokwaneleyo xa i-ESP8266 itsala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80mA ngexesha losasazo lweRF. Isiphumo somlawuli sikwaphulwe kwelinye lamacala ebhodi kwaye ibhalwe njenge-3V3. Le pin ingasetyenziselwa ukunika amandla kumalungu angaphandle.
Imfuneko yamandla
- Umsebenzi weVoltage: 2.5V ukuba 3.6V
- Kwibhodi 3.3V 600mA umlawuli
- 80mA esebenzayo ngoku
- 20 μA ngexesha leNdlela yokuLala
Amandla kwi-ESP8266 NodeMCU anikezelwa nge-MicroB USB isidibanisi esisebhodini. Kungenjalo, ukuba une-5V voltage umthombo, iphini ye-VIN ingasetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokuthe ngqo i-ESP8266 kunye neeperipherals zayo.
Isilumkiso: I-ESP8266 idinga umbane we-3.3V kunye namanqanaba engqiqo ye-3.3V kunxibelelwano. Izikhonkwane zeGPIO azikwazi ukunyamezela i-5V! Ukuba ufuna ukudibanisa ibhodi nge-5V (okanye ngaphezulu) amacandelo, kuya kufuneka wenze i-level shifting.
Iiperipherals kunye ne-I/O
I-ESP8266 NodeMCU inezikhonkwane ezili-17 ze-GPIO eziqhekekileyo kwiintloko zephini kumacala omabini ebhodi yophuhliso. Ezi zikhonkwane zinokwabelwa kuzo zonke iintlobo zemisebenzi yeperipheral, kubandakanywa:
- Ijelo le-ADC – Itshaneli ye-ADC eyi-10-bit.
- I-interface ye-UART-I-interface ye-UART isetyenziselwa ukulayisha ikhowudi ngokulandelelana.
- Iziphumo ze-PWM - izikhonkwane ze-PWM zokunciphisa ii-LED okanye ukulawula ii-motor.
- I-SPI, i-I2C kunye ne-I2S i-interface - i-SPI kunye ne-I2C ujongano lokudibanisa zonke iintlobo zeenzwa kunye neeperipherals.
- I-interface ye-I2S -I-interface ye-I2S ukuba ufuna ukongeza isandi kwiprojekthi yakho.
Ii-Multiplexed I/Os
- Iitshaneli ze-ADC ezi-1
- 2 UART ujongano
- Iziphumo ezi-4 zePWM
- SPI, I2C & I2S interface
Enkosi kwi-ESP8266's pin multiplexing feature (Iiperipherals ezininzi eziphindaphindwe kwi-GPIO pin enye). Ithetha ukuba iphini enye yeGPIO inokusebenza njenge PWM/UART/SPI.
Ukutshintsha kwebhodi kunye nesalathisi se-LED
I-ESP8266 NodeMCU inamaqhosha amabini. Enye ephawulwe njenge-RST ibekwe kwikona ephezulu ekhohlo liqhosha lokuSeta kwakhona, elisetyenziswe kakade ukuseta ngokutsha itshiphu ye-ESP8266. Elinye iqhosha le-FLASH kwikona esezantsi ekhohlo liqhosha lokukhuphela elisetyenziswe ngelixa uphucula i-firmware.
IiSwitshi kunye neZalathi
- RST – Seta kwakhona itshiphu ye-ESP8266
- IFLASH – Khuphela iinkqubo ezintsha
- I-LED eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-Umsebenzisi olungiselelweyo
Ibhodi nayo inesalathiso se-LED esilungiselelwe umsebenzisi kwaye siqhagamshelwe kwi-D0 pin yebhodi.
Uthotho loNxibelelwano
Ibhodi iquka i-CP2102 USB-to-UART Bridge Controller esuka kwi-Silicon Labs, eguqula isignali ye-USB kwi-serial kwaye ivumela ikhompyutha yakho ukuba iprogram kwaye inxibelelane ne-chip ye-ESP8266.
Uthotho loNxibelelwano
- Isiguquli se-CP2102 USB-to-UART
- 4.5 Mbps isantya sonxibelelwano
- Inkxaso yoLawulo lokuHamba
Ukuba unoguqulelo oludala lwe-CP2102 umqhubi ofakwe kwiPC yakho, sicebisa ukuba uphucule ngoku.
Ikhonkco lokuphucula i-CP2102 Driver - https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers
ESP8266 NodeMCU Pinout
I-ESP8266 NodeMCU inezikhonkwane ezingama-30 zizonke ezidibanisa nelizwe langaphandle. Imidibaniso imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ngenxa yokulula, siya kwenza amaqela ezikhonkwane ezinemisebenzi efanayo.
Izikhonkwane zamandla Kukho izikhonkwane ezine zamandla ezizezi. enye i-VIN pin & ezintathu 3.3V izikhonkwane. Iphini ye-VIN ingasetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokuthe ngqo i-ESP8266 kunye neeperipherals zayo, ukuba une-voltage ye-5V elawulwayo.tage umthombo. Izikhonkwane ze-3.3V ziziphumo zevolthi ekwibhoditagumlawuli. Ezi zikhonkwane zingasetyenziselwa ukubonelela amandla kumalungu angaphandle.
I-GND yintsimbi yomhlaba yebhodi yophuhliso ye-ESP8266 NodeMCU. Izikhonkwane ze-I2C zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa zonke iintlobo zeenzwa ze-I2C kunye neeperipherals kwiprojekthi yakho. Zombini i-I2C Master kunye ne-I2C Slave ziyaxhaswa. Ukusebenza kojongano lwe-I2C kunokuqondwa ngokwenkqubo, kwaye i-clock frequency yi-100 kHz kubuninzi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amaza ewotshi ye-I2C kufuneka abe phezulu kunelona xesha licothayo lewotshi yesixhobo samakhoboka.
Izikhonkwane zeGPIO I-ESP8266 NodeMCU inezikhonkwane ze-GPIO ezili-17 ezinokubelwa kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo efana ne-I2C, i-I2S, i-UART, i-PWM, i-IR Remote Control, ukukhanya kwe-LED kunye neQhosha ngokwenkqubo. I-GPIO nganye enikwe amandla yedijithali inokumiselwa ukutsalwa kwangaphakathi okanye ukutsalela ezantsi, okanye kusetelwe kwi-impedance ephezulu. Xa iqwalaselwe njengegalelo, inokusetwa kungqameko-i-trigger okanye inqanaba-trigger ukuvelisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-CPU.
Ijelo le-ADC I-NodeMCU ifakwe nge-10-bit echanekileyo ye-SAR ADC. Le misebenzi mibini inokuphunyezwa kusetyenziswa i-ADC okt. Uvavanyo lonikezelo lwamandla voltage of VDD3P3 pin kunye novavanyo igalelo voltage ye TOUT pin. Nangona kunjalo, azinakuphunyezwa ngaxeshanye.
Izikhonkwane ze-UART I-ESP8266 I-NodeMCU ine-2 UART interfaces, oko kukuthi i-UART0 kunye ne-UART1, ebonelela ngonxibelelwano lwe-asynchronous (RS232 kunye ne-RS485), kwaye inokunxibelelana ukuya kwi-4.5 Mbps. I-UART0 (TXD0, RXD0, RST0 & CTS0 pins) ingasetyenziselwa unxibelelwano. Ixhasa ulawulo lolwelo. Nangona kunjalo, i-UART1 (i-TXD1 pin) ibonisa kuphela isignali yokudlulisa idatha ngoko, iqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukushicilela log.
Izikhonkwane zeSPI I-ESP8266 inee-SPI ezimbini (SPI kunye ne-HSPI) kwiimowudi zamakhoboka kunye neenkosi. Ezi SPI zikwaxhasa ezi mpawu zilandelayo zeSPI yenjongo jikelele:
- Iimowudi zexesha ezi-4 zodluliselo lwefomathi ye-SPI
- Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80 MHz kunye neewotshi ezahluliweyo ze-80 MHz
- Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-64-Byte FIFO
Izikhonkwane ze-SDIO Iimpawu ze-ESP8266 eziKhuselekileyo zeDigital Input/Output Interface (SDIO) esetyenziselwa ukusebenzelana ngqo namakhadi e-SD. I-4-bit 25 MHz i-SDIO v1.1 kunye ne-4-bit 50 MHz i-SDIO v2.0 iyaxhaswa.
Izikhonkwane zePWM Ibhodi ineendlela ezi-4 ze-Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). Imveliso ye-PWM inokuphunyezwa ngokucwangcisiweyo kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuqhuba iimotor zedijithali kunye nee-LED. Uluhlu lwamafrikhwensi e-PWM luhlengahlengiswa ukusuka kwi-1000 μs ukuya kwi-10000 μs, okt, phakathi kwe-100 Hz kunye ne-1 kHz.
Izikhonkwane zokulawula zisetyenziselwa ukulawula i-ESP8266. Ezi zikhonkwane ziquka i-Chip Enable pin (EN), Phinda umisele iphini (RST) kunye ne-WAKE ipini.
- I-EN pin - I-chip ye-ESP8266 yenziwe ukuba i-EN pin itsalwe PHEZULU. Xa itsalwa PHANTSI itshiphu isebenza ngamandla amancinci.
- I-RST pin - i-RST pin isetyenziselwa ukuseta ngokutsha i-chip ye-ESP8266.
- Iphini yokuvusa-Iphini yokuvusa isetyenziselwa ukuvusa itshiphu kubuthongo obunzulu.
IiPlatifomu zoPhuhliso ze-ESP8266
Ngoku, masiqhubele phambili kwizinto ezinomdla! Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zamaqonga ophuhliso anokuxhotyiswa ukulungiselela i-ESP8266. Unokuhamba kunye ne-Espruino - i-JavaScript SDK kunye ne-firmware ngokusondeleyo emulating Node.js, okanye usebenzise i-Mongoose OS - Inkqubo yokusebenza yezixhobo ze-IoT (iqonga elicetyiswayo yi-Espressif Systems kunye ne-Google Cloud IoT) okanye usebenzise ikiti yophuhliso lwesofthiwe (SDK) enikezwa ngu-Espressif okanye elinye lamaqonga adweliswe kwi-WiKiPedia. Ngethamsanqa, uluntu olumangalisayo lwe-ESP8266 luthathe ukhetho lwe-IDE inyathelo eliya phambili ngokwenza i-arduino add-on. Ukuba usandula ukuqalisa ukwenza inkqubo ye-ESP8266, le yimeko-bume esicebisa ukuba siqale ngayo, kunye nale siza kuyibhala kwesi sifundo.
Esi songezo se-ESP8266 se-Arduino sisekwe kumsebenzi omangalisayo ka-Ivan Grokhotkov kunye noluntu lonke lwe-ESP8266. Jonga indawo yokugcina ye-ESP8266 Arduino GitHub ngolwazi olungakumbi.
Ukufakela i-ESP8266 Core kwiWindows OS
Masiqhubeke ngokufaka i-ESP8266 Arduino core. Into yokuqala kukuba ne-Arduino IDE yamva nje (Arduino 1.6.4 okanye ngaphezulu) efakwe kwiPC yakho. Ukuba awunayo, sicebisa ukuphucula ngoku.
Ikhonkco le-Arduino IDE- https://www.arduino.cc/en/software
Ukuqala, kuya kufuneka sihlaziye umphathi webhodi ngokwesiko URL. Vula i-Arduino IDE kwaye uye kuyo File > Ezikhethwayo. Emva koko, khuphela ngezantsi URL kuMphathi weBhodi eyoNgezelelweyo URLs ibhokisi yokubhaliweyo eme emazantsi efestile: http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
Cofa u-Kulungile. Emva koko uye kuMphathi weBhodi ngokuya kwiZixhobo> Iibhodi> Umphathi weBhodi. Kufuneka kubekho amangeno amatsha amabini ukongeza kwiibhodi eziqhelekileyo zeArduino. Hluza ukhangelo lwakho ngokuchwetheza esp8266. Cofa kolu ngeniso kwaye ukhethe Faka.
Iinkcazelo zebhodi kunye nezixhobo ze ESP8266 zibandakanya iseti entsha epheleleyo ye gcc, g++, kunye nezinye ngokufanelekileyo, iibhinary ezihlanganisiweyo, ngoko kunokuthatha imizuzu embalwa ukukhuphela nokufaka (indawo egciniweyo) file yi ~110MB). Nje ukuba ufakelo lugqityiwe, okubhaliweyo okuncinci OKUFAKIWE kuya kuvela ecaleni kongeniso. Ngoku ungavala uMphathi weBhodi
Arduino Example: Ukuqhwanyaza
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-ESP8266 Arduino engundoqo kunye ne-NodeMCU zisetwe ngokufanelekileyo, siya kulayisha owona mzobo ulula kuzo zonke - I-Blink! Siza kusebenzisa i-LED ekwibhodi kolu vavanyo. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili kwesi sifundo, iphini ye-D0 yebhodi iqhagamshelwe kwibhodi yeBlue LED kwaye iyacwangciswa ngumsebenzisi. Igqibelele! Ngaphambi kokuba silayishe umzobo kunye nokudlala nge-LED, kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba ibhodi ikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo kwi-Arduino IDE. Vula i-Arduino IDE kwaye ukhethe i-NodeMCU 0.9 (ESP-12 Module) ukhetho phantsi kwe-Arduino IDE yakho> Izixhobo> Imenyu yeBhodi.
Ngoku, qhaga i-ESP8266 NodeMCU yakho kwikhompyuter yakho ngentambo ye-USB encinci. Nje ukuba ibhodi iplagwe, kufuneka inikwe i-COM port eyodwa. Kwiimatshini ze-Windows, oku kuya kuba yinto efana ne-COM#, kwaye kwiikhomputha ze-Mac/Linux iya kuza ngohlobo lwe/dev/tty.usbserial-XXXXXX. Khetha le port yothotho phantsi kweArduino IDE> Izixhobo> Imenyu yePort. Kwakhona khetha isantya sokuLayisha: 115200
Isilumkiso: Ingqwalasela eyongezelelweyo kufuneka inikwe ekukhetheni ibhodi, ukukhetha i-COM port kwaye ukhethe isantya sokulayisha. Unokufumana impazamo espcomm_upload_mem ngelixa ulayisha imizobo emitsha, ukuba ayiphumelelanga ukwenza njalo.
Nje ukuba ugqibile, zama i-example zoba ngezantsi.
umiselo olungenanto ()
{PinMode(D0, OUTPUT);}loop engekho ()
{digitalWrite(D0, HIGH);
ukulibaziseka (500);
idijithaliBhala(D0, PHANTSI);
ukulibaziseka (500);
Nje ukuba ikhowudi ilayishiwe, i-LED iya kuqala ukuqhwanyaza. Kusenokufuneka ucofe iqhosha le-RST ukuze ufumane i-ESP8266 yakho iqalise ukusebenzisa umzobo.
Amaxwebhu / Izibonelelo
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ENGINNERS ESP8266 Ibhodi yoPhuhliso yeNodeMCU [pdf] Imiyalelo Ibhodi yoPhuhliso ye-ESP8266 NodeMCU, ESP8266, iBhodi yoPhuhliso yeNodeMCU |
