I-CISCO IOS XE 17.x IsiKhokelo soLungiselelo lwe-IP Routing

Ulwazi lweMveliso

Iinkcukacha

• INkqubo yoMgaqo-nkqubo: iProtokholi yoLwazi lokuJonga (RIP)
• Uhlobo lweProtocol: TCP/IP
• Ubungakanani bothungelwano: Incinci ukuya phakathi
• Algorithm: Umgama-vector
• I-Metric: Ubalo lwe-Hop
• Uluhlu lweeMetric: 0 ukuya kwi-16
• Iindlela zoQinisekiso: Uqinisekiso lombhalo ongenanto, uqinisekiso lwe-MD5
• INkqubo yoSasazo: Ewe

Imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa kwemveliso

Izinto ezifunekayo kuLungiselelo lwe-RIP
Ukuze uqwalasele i-RIP, kufuneka uqale uqwalasele umyalelo othi "IP umzila". Izithintelo ze-RIP RIP isebenzisa i-hop count njenge-metric ukukala iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Ubalo lwe-hop lumele inani lezixhobo ezisendleleni. I-RIP ayikhuthazwa kuthungelwano olukhulu ngenxa yoluhlu olulinganiselweyo lwemetric. Inethiwekhi eqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo ine-metric ye-zero, ngelixa inethiwekhi engenakufikeleleka ine-metric ye-16. Ukuba akukho nkcazo yenethiwekhi egubungela i-interface ethile, akukhuthazwa ukuba uqwalasele i-RIP phantsi kweso sijongano. Ukuba i-RIP iqwalaselwe kujongano olunjalo, unikezelo ngokutsha lwendlela ukusuka kwenye iprotocol yomzila ukuya kwiRIP, efunyenwe ngolu jongano, ayizukusebenza.

Ukuqwalasela i-RIP yoQinisekiso
I-RIPv1 ayixhasi uqinisekiso. Ukuba usebenzisa iipakethi ze-RIPv2, unokwenza uqinisekiso lwe-RIP kujongano. Ikhonkco eliphambili limisela isethi yezitshixo ezinokusetyenziswa kwi-interface. Ungqinisiso lwenziwa kwi-interface kuphela ukuba ikhonkco elingundoqo liqwalaselwe. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga namatyathanga angundoqo kunye noqwalaselo lwawo, bhekisa kuLawulo lweZitshixo zokuQinisekisa icandelo kwi-Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features isahluko kwi-Cisco IOS IP Routing: I-Protocol-Independent Configuration Guide. I-Cisco ixhasa iindlela ezimbini zokuqinisekisa kwi-interface kunye ne-RIP enikwe amandla: ukuqinisekiswa okubhaliweyo okucacileyo kunye nomyalezo we-digest algorithm 5 (MD5) uqinisekiso. Uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo okungenanto lungqinisiso olungagqibekanga kuyo yonke ipakethe yeRIPv2. Nangona kunjalo, ayinconywa ngeenjongo zokhuseleko njengoko iqhosha lesiqinisekiso esingafihlwanga lithunyelwa kuyo yonke ipakethe yeRIPv2. Sebenzisa uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo okungenanto kuphela xa ukhuseleko ingengomba.

Utshintshiselwano ngeNgcaciso yeNdlela
I-RIP iqhelekile ukuba yiprothokholi yosasazo. Ukuvumela uhlaziyo lomzila we-RIP ukufikelela kuthungelwano olungasasazwanga, kufuneka uqwalasele isoftwe yeCisco ukuvumela utshintshiselwano lolwazi lwendlela. Ukulawula iiseti zojongano ofuna ukutshintshiselana ngazo nohlaziyo lwendlela, unokukhubaza ukuthunyelwa kohlaziyo lwendlela kwiindlela ezichaziweyo ngokumisela umyalelo woqwalaselo lwe-router "passive-interface". Uluhlu lwe-offset lungasetyenziselwa ukwandisa i-metrics engenayo naphumayo kwiindlela ezifundwe nge-RIP. Ngokuzithandela, unganciphisa uluhlu lwe-offset kunye noluhlu lofikelelo okanye ujongano.

Ukuqwalasela iProtokholi yoLwazi lokuhamba

Iprotokholi yeNgcaciso yeNdlela (RIP) yinkqubo yomgaqo-nkqubo esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwinethiwekhi encinci ukuya kwephakathi yeTCP/IP. Yiprotocol ezinzileyo esebenzisa umgama-vector algorithm ukubala iindlela.

Iimfuno ezifunekayo ze-RIP
Kufuneka uqwalasele umyalelo we-IP phambi kokuba uqwalasele i-RIP.

Izithintelo ze-RIP
IProtokholi yeNgcaciso yeNdlela (i-RIP) isebenzisa i-hop count njenge-metric ukukala ixabiso leendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ubalo lwe-hop linani lezixhobo ezinokuwela kwindlela. Inethiwekhi eqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo ine-metric ye-zero; inethiwekhi engafikelelekiyo ine-metric ye-16. Olu luhlu lwemetric olulinganiselweyo lwenza i-RIP ingafaneleki kuthungelwano olukhulu.

Phawula
Ukuba uqwalaselo lwe-RIP alunayo inkcazo yenethiwekhi egubungela ujongano oluthile, sicebisa ukuba ungaqwalaseli i-RIP phantsi kojongano. Ukuba i-RIP iqwalaselwe kujongano olunjalo, unikezelo ngokutsha lwendlela ukusuka kwenye indlela yomgaqo ukuya kwiRIP, efunyenwe ngolujongano, ayisebenzi.

Ulwazi malunga nokuqwalasela i-RIP

RIP Ngaphezuluview

IProtokholi yeNgcaciso yeNdlela (RIP) isebenzisa iipakethi zedatha ye-UDP yokusasaza ukutshintshiselana ngolwazi lomzila. I-software ye-Cisco ithumela uhlaziyo lwenkcazelo yomzila rhoqo kwimizuzwana engama-30, ebizwa ngokuba yintengiso. Ukuba isixhobo asilufumani uhlaziyo kwesinye isixhobo kangangemizuzwana eyi-180 okanye ngaphezulu, isixhobo esifumanayo siphawula iindlela ezihanjiswa sisixhobo esingahlaziyiyo njengezingasebenzisekiyo. Ukuba akukabikho uhlaziyo emva kwemizuzwana engama-240, isixhobo sisusa onke amangeno etafile yokujonga isixhobo esingahlaziyiyo.

Isixhobo esisebenzisa i-RIP sinokufumana inethiwekhi engagqibekanga ngohlaziyo olusuka kwesinye isixhobo esisebenzisa i-RIP, okanye isixhobo sinokufumana inethiwekhi engagqibekanga sisebenzisa iRIP. Kuzo zombini iimeko, inethiwekhi engagqibekanga ipapashwa nge-RIP kwabanye abamelwane be-RIP.
Ukuphunyezwa kweCisco ye-RIP Version 2 (RIPv2) ixhasa isicatshulwa esicacileyo kunye nomyalezo we-algorithm ye-5 (MD5) ukuqinisekiswa, ukushwankathelwa kwendlela, umzila we-interdomain we-classless (CIDR), kunye neemaski ze-subnet eziguquguqukayo (VLSMs).

RIP Uhlaziyo lomzila
IProtokholi yeNgcaciso yeNdlela (RIP) ithumela imiyalezo yohlaziyo lwendlela ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo naxa itopology yenethiwekhi itshintsha. Xa isixhobo sifumana uhlaziyo lwe-RIP yendlela equka utshintsho kungeniso, isixhobo sihlaziya itafile yomzila ukubonisa indlela entsha. Ixabiso lemetric yendlela yonyuka ngo-1, kwaye umthumeli uboniswa njenge-hop elandelayo. Izixhobo ze-RIP zigcina kuphela eyona ndlela ingcono (indlela enexabiso eliphantsi lemetric) ukuya kwindawo. Emva kokuhlaziya itafile yomzila, isixhobo siqala ngokukhawuleza ukuhambisa uhlaziyo lwe-RIP ukwazisa ezinye izixhobo zenethiwekhi ngotshintsho. Olu hlaziyo luthunyelwa ngokuzimeleyo kuhlaziyo olucwangcisiweyo rhoqo oluthunyelwa zizixhobo zeRIP.

I-RIP yokuJonga iMetric
IProtokholi yeNgcaciso yeNdlela (i-RIP) isebenzisa i-metric yomzila omnye ukulinganisa umgama phakathi komthombo kunye nenethiwekhi yendawo ekusingwa kuyo. Ukutsiba ngakunye kwindlela esuka kumthombo ukuya kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo inikwe ixabiso le-hop-count, eliqhelekileyo 1. Xa isixhobo sifumana uhlaziyo lwendlela equlethe ungeno olutsha okanye olutshintshiweyo lwenethiwekhi yendawo yokusingwa, isixhobo songeza i-1 kwixabiso lemetric elibonisiweyo. kuhlaziyo kwaye ingenisa inethiwekhi kwitafile yokubonisa. Idilesi ye-IP yomthumeli isetyenziswa njenge hop elandelayo. Ukuba inethiwekhi yojongano ayichazwanga kwitheyibhile yomzila, ayiyi kupapashwa kulo naluphi na uhlaziyo lwe-RIP.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwi-RIP
Ukuphunyezwa kweCisco yeProtocol yoLwazi lweNdlela (RIP) Version 2 (RIPv2) ixhasa ukuqinisekiswa, ulawulo oluphambili, isishwankathelo sendlela, i-classless interdomain routing (CIDR), kunye neemaski ze-subnet eziguquguqukayo (VLSMs).

Ngokuzenzekelayo, isofthiwe ifumana i-RIP Version 1 (RIPv1) kunye neepakethi ze-RIPv2, kodwa ithumela kuphela iipakethi ze-RIPv1. Ungaqwalasela isoftware ukuba ifumane kwaye ithumele iipakethi zeRIPv1 kuphela. Kungenjalo, ungaqwalasela isoftware ukuba ifumane kwaye ithumele iipakethi zeRIPv2 kuphela. Ukubhala ngaphezulu indlela yokuziphatha engagqibekanga, ungaqwalasela i-RIP uguqulelo oluthunyelwa lujongano. Ngokufanayo, unokulawula ukuba iipakethi ezifunyenwe kwi-interface zicutshungulwa njani.

I-RIPv1 ayixhasi uqinisekiso. Ukuba uthumela kwaye ufumana iipakethi ze-RIP v2, unokwenza uqinisekiso lwe-RIP kujongano. Ikhonkco eliphambili limisela isethi yezitshixo ezinokusetyenziswa kwi-interface. Uqinisekiso, kuquka uqinisekiso olungagqibekanga, lwenziwa kulo jongano kuphela ukuba ikhonkco elingundoqo libunjiwe.

Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga namatyathanga angundoqo kunye nokucwangciswa kwawo, jonga icandelo elithi "Ukulawula iZitshixo zokuQinisekisa" kwisahluko esithi "Ukuqwalasela iProtocol-Independent Protocol-Independent" isahluko kwi-Cisco IOS IP Routing: I-Protocol-Independent Configuration Guide.

I-Cisco ixhasa iindlela ezimbini zokuqinisekisa kwi-interface apho i-RIP ivuliwe: ungqinisiso-okubhaliweyo okucacileyo kunye nomyalezo we-digest algorithm 5 (MD5) uqinisekiso. Uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo okungenanto lungqinisiso olungagqibekanga kuyo yonke ipakethe yeRIPv2.

Phawula
Sukusebenzisa uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo olungenanto kwiipakethi zeRIP ngeenjongo zokhuseleko, kuba isitshixo sobuqinisekiso esingafihlwanga sithunyelwa kuyo yonke ipakethe yeRIPv2. Sebenzisa uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo okungenanto xa ukhuseleko ingengomba; umzekeloampLe, ungasebenzisa uqinisekiso-okubhaliweyo okungenanto ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinginginya ezingaqwalaselwanga kakuhle azithabathi nxaxheba kumzila.

Utshintshiselwano ngeNgcaciso yeNdlela

IProtokholi yeNgcaciso ye-Routing (RIP) iqhele ukuba yiprothokholi yosasazo, kwaye ukuze uhlaziyo lwe-RIP lufikelele kuthungelwano olungasasazwanga, kufuneka uqwalasele isoftware yeCisco ukuvumela olu tshintshiselwano lolwazi lwendlela. Ukulawula iseti yojongano ofuna ukutshintshiselana ngalo nohlaziyo lwendlela, unokukhubaza ukuthunyelwa kohlaziyo lwendlela kujongano oluchaziweyo ngokuqwalasela umyalelo woqwalaselo we-passive-interface ye-router. Unokusebenzisa uluhlu lwe-offset ukwandisa ukunyuka kweemetrics ezingenayo neziphumayo kwiindlela ezifundwe nge-RIP. Ngokuzithandela, unganciphisa uluhlu lwe-offset kunye noluhlu lofikelelo okanye ujongano. Iiprothokholi zomzila zisebenzisa izibali-xesha ezininzi ezimisela izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana nezihlandlo zohlaziyo lwendlela, ubude bexesha phambi kokuba indlela ingasebenzi, kunye nezinye iiparamitha. Ungahlengahlengisa ezi zibali-xesha ukuze ulungelelanise indlela yokusebenza kweprotocol ukuze ilungele iimfuno zakho ze-intanethi. Unokwenza olu hlengahlengiso lulandelayo lwesibali-xesha:

• Ireyithi (ixesha, kwimizuzwana, phakathi kohlaziyo) apho uhlaziyo lwendlela luthunyelwa khona
• Isithuba sexesha, kwimizuzwana, emva kokuba indlela ibhengezwe njengengasebenziyo
• Ikhefu, kwimizuzwana, ngexesha apho ulwazi lwendlela malunga neendlela ezingcono lucinezelwe
• Ubungakanani bexesha, kwimizuzwana, ekufuneka lidlule phambi kokuba indlela isuswe kwitafile yokukhokela
• Isixa sexesha apho uhlaziyo lwendlela luya kumiswa

Ungayihlengahlengisa inkxaso yendlela ye-IP kwisoftware yeCisco ukuvumela ukudibana ngokukhawuleza kweendlela ezahlukeneyo ze-IP, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kubangele ukubuyisela umva ngokukhawuleza kwizixhobo ezingafunekiyo. Isiphumo esipheleleyo kukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokuphelisa abasebenzisi bothungelwano kwiimeko apho ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile

Ukongeza, usapho lwedilesi lunokuba nezibali-xesha ezisebenza ngokuthe gca kuloo dilesi yosapho (okanye umzekelo wokuJonga i-Virtual Routing and Forwarding [VRF]). Umyalelo wesibali-xesha kufuneka ukhankanyelwe usapho lwedilesi okanye ukungagqibeki kwesixokelelwano sexesha-umyalelo osisiseko sisetyenziswa nokuba sithini isibali-xesha esilungiselelwe i-RIP indlela. I-VRF ayilizuzi ixabiso lexesha ukusuka kwisiseko se-RIP kuqwalaselo. I-VRF iya kusoloko isebenzisa isixokelelwano sexesha esingagqibekanga ngaphandle kokuba izibali-xesha zitshintshwe ngokucacileyo kusetyenziswa isibali-xesha esisisiseko somyalelo.

RIP Ushwankathelo lweNdlela
Ushwankathelo lweendlela kwi-RIP Version 2 iphucula ukulinganisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuthungelwano olukhulu. Ukushwankathela iidilesi ze-IP kuthetha ukuba akukho kungena kwiindlela zabantwana (iindlela ezidalwe kuyo nayiphi na indibaniselwano yeedilesi ze-IP zomntu ngamnye eziqulethwe ngaphakathi kwedilesi yesishwankathelo) kwitafile ye-RIP yomzila, ukunciphisa ubungakanani betafile kunye nokuvumela i-router ukuba iphathe ngakumbi. iindlela.

Isishwankathelo sedilesi ye-IP isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuneendlela ezininzi ze-IP ezithengiweyo ngezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Iindlela ezishwankathelweyo kwiziko ledatha le-RIP zicutshungulwa kuqala.
• Naziphi na iindlela zabantwana ezinxulumeneyo ezibandakanyiweyo kwindlela eshwankathelweyo ziyatsitywa njengoko i-RIP ijonga kwiziko ledatha, inciphisa ixesha lokucubungula elifunekayo. Iirutha zeCisco zinokushwankathela iindlela ngeendlela ezimbini:
• Ngokuzenzekela, ngokushwankathela izimaphambili kumda womnatha wodidi xa unqumla imida yothungelwano olululo (isishwankathelo esizenzekelayo).

Phawula: Isishwankathelo esizenzekelayo sivulwe ngokungagqibekanga.

Njengoko kuqwalaselwe ngokuthe ngqo, ukubhengeza idilesi ye-IP eshwankathelweyo yendawo kujongano oluchaziweyo (kwiseva yofikelelo womnatha) ukuze idili yedilesi inokunikezelwa kubaxumi bocofo.

Xa i-RIP inquma ukuba idilesi yesishwankathelo iyafuneka kwi-database ye-RIP, ungeniso lwesishwankathelo lwenziwa kwisiseko sedatha ye-RIP yomzila. Ngethuba nje kukho iindlela zabantwana zedilesi yesishwankathelo, idilesi ihleli kwisiseko sedatha. Xa indlela yokugqibela yomntwana isusiwe, ingeniso yesishwankathelo nayo iyasuswa kuvimba weenkcukacha. Le ndlela yokusingatha amangeniso edatha yehlisa inani lamangenelo kuvimba wedatha kuba indlela yomntwana ngamnye ayidweliswanga kwingeniso, kwaye ingeniso ehlanganisiweyo ngokwayo iyasuswa xa kungekho ndlela zisemthethweni zabantwana kuyo.

I-RIP Version 2 isishwankathelo sendlela sifuna ukuba eyona metric isezantsi “yeyona ndlela ingcono” yokungena ngokudityanisiweyo, okanye eyona metric isezantsi kuzo zonke iindlela zangoku zabantwana, ipapashwe. Eyona metric igqwesileyo yeendlela ezishwankathelweyo zibalwe ekuqalisweni kwendlela okanye xa kukho uhlengahlengiso lwemetric yeendlela ezithile ngexesha lentengiso, kwaye hayi ngexesha lokupapashwa kweendlela.

Umyalelo we-ip summary-address rip routerconfiguration ubangela ukuba i-router ishwankathele isethi enikiweyo yeendlela ezifundiweyo nge-RIP Version 2 okanye ihanjiswe kwakhona kwi-RIP Version 2. Iindlela zokusingatha zisebenza ngokukodwa ukushwankathela.

Jonga “Ushwankathelo lweNdlela Eksample, kwiphepha 22” icandelo ekupheleni kwesi sahluko for exampubuninzi bokusebenzisa i-horizon eyahlulayo. Ungaqinisekisa ukuba zeziphi iindlela ezishwankathelweyo zojongano usebenzisa i bonisa ip protocols umyalelo EXEC. Ungajonga amangeno edilesi yesishwankathelo kwisiseko sedatha seRIP. La mangenelo aya kuvela kuvimba wedatha kuphela ukuba iindlela ezifanelekileyo zabantwana ziyashwankathelwa. Ukubonisa amangeno edilesi yesishwankathelo kungeniso lwedathabheyisi ye-RIP yomzila ukuba kukho iindlela ezifanelekileyo ezishwankathelwayo ngokusekelwe kwidilesi yesishwankathelo, sebenzisa umyalelo we-database ye-ip rip kwimo ye-EXEC. Xa indlela yokugqibela yomntwana yedilesi yesishwankathelo iye ingasebenzi, idilesi yesishwankathelo nayo iyasuswa kwitheyibhile yomzila.

Ukwahlula i-Horizon Mechanism

Ngokwesiqhelo, izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano losasazo lwe-IP kwaye ezisebenzisa iiprothokholi zendlela yevekhtha yomgama zisebenzisa i-horizon ye-split ye-horizon ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuba nokwenzeka komzila we-loops. Indlela yokwahlula i-horizon ivala ulwazi malunga neendlela ekubeni zithengiswe sisixhobo ngaphandle kojongano olusuka kulo olo lwazi. Oku kuziphatha kudla ngokwandisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwezixhobo ezininzi, ngakumbi xa amakhonkco ephukile. Nangona kunjalo, ngeenethiwekhi ezingasasazwanga, ezifana neSakhelo sokuLawula kunye neSistim yeDijithali eTshintshiweyo ye-Multimegabit (SMDS), iimeko zinokuvela apho oku kuziphatha kungaphantsi kokufanelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, unokufuna ukukhubaza i-horizon eyahlulayo ngeNkqubo yoLwazi lokuThutha (RIP).

Ukuba ujongano lubumbeke ngeedilesi ze-IP zesibini kunye ne-horizon eyahlulayo yenziwe yasebenza, uhlaziyo lusenokungafunyanwa yidilesi yesibini. Ukuba i-horizon yokwahlula yenziwe yasebenza, uhlaziyo olunye lwendlela lufunyanwa ngokwenombolo yenethiwekhi. Ukwahlula i-horizon akuvakwanga ngokungagqibekanga kujongano kusetyenziswa nayiphi na i-X.25 encapsulations. Kuzo zonke ezinye ii-encapsulations, i-horizon yokwahlula yenziwe ngokungagqibekanga.

Ukulibaziseka kwe-Interpacket kuHlaziyo lwe-RIP
Ngokungagqibekanga, isoftware yongeza ukulibaziseka phakathi kweepakethi kuhlaziyo lwe-RIP oluthunyelwa ngeepakethi ezininzi. Ukuba une-router ephezulu ethumela kwi-router enesantya esisezantsi, unokufuna ukongeza ukulibaziseka kwe-interpacket kuhlaziyo lwe-RIP, kuluhlu lwe-8 ukuya kwi-50 millisecond.

UPhuculo lwe-RIP ngaphezu kweeSekethe ze-WAN
Izixhobo zisetyenziswa kuthungelwano olujolise kunxibelelwano ukuvumela uqhagamshelo olunokubakho kwiindawo ezininzi ezikude. Iisekethe kwi-WAN zisekwe kwimfuno kwaye ziyekwa xa i-traffic iyancipha. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo, uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwazo naziphi na iisayithi ezimbini zedatha yomsebenzisi lunokuba lufutshane kwaye lunqabile.

Umthombo weedilesi ze-IP zoHlaziyo lwe-RIP yoNdlela
Ngokungagqibekanga, isoftware yeCisco iqinisekisa idilesi ye-IP yomthombo weProtokholi yoLwazi lweNdlela engenayo (RIP) yohlaziyo. Ukuba idilesi yemvelaphi ayisebenzi, isoftware iyalulahla uhlaziyo lwendlela. Kufuneka uvale lo msebenzi ukuba ufuna ukufumana uhlaziyo olusuka kwisixhobo esingeyonxalenye yale nethiwekhi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuvala lo msebenzi akukhuthazwa phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.

Ungqinisiso lweNdlela yommelwane
Unokuthintela umzila wakho ekufumaneni uhlaziyo lwendlela yobuqhophololo ngokuqwalasela ungqinisiso lwendlela yommelwane. Xa kuqwalaselwe, ungqinisiso lommelwane lwenzeka nanini na xa uhlaziyo lwendlela lutshintshwa phakathi kweendlela zommelwane. Olu qinisekiso luqinisekisa ukuba i-router ifumana ulwazi oluthembekileyo lomzila kumthombo othembekileyo.

Ngaphandle kobungqina bommelwane, uhlaziyo olungagunyaziswanga okanye olukhohlakele ngabom lunokubeka esichengeni ukhuseleko lwetrafikhi yenethiwekhi yakho. Ukhuseleko lunokwenzeka ukuba iqela elingenabubele liyaphambukisa okanye lihlalutye itrafikhi yenethiwekhi yakho. UmzekeloampNoko ke, irutha engagunyaziswanga ingathumela uhlaziyo lwendlela yobuxoki ukukholisa irutha yakho ukuba ithumele itrafikhi kwindawo engachanekanga. Le itrafikhi iphambukisiweyo inokuhlalutywa ukuze ufunde ulwazi oluyimfihlo malunga nombutho wakho okanye isetyenziswe nje ukuphazamisa amandla ombutho wakho wokunxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo usebenzisa inethiwekhi. Ukuqinisekisa ubumelwane kuthintela naluphi na uhlaziyo lwendlela yobuqhophololo ekufumaneni umzila wakho.

Xa ukuqinisekiswa kommelwane kuqwalaselwe kwi-router, i-router iqinisekisa umthombo wepakethi yohlaziyo yomzila ngamnye oyifumanayo. Oku kufezwa ngokutshintshiselana kweqhosha lokuqinisekisa (ngamanye amaxesha libizwa ngokuba yi-password) eyaziwa ngokuba yi-router yokuthumela kunye nokwamkela.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini zokuqinisekisa ummelwane ezisetyenzisiweyo: uqinisekiso lombhalo ocacileyo kunye ne-Message Digest Algorithm Version 5 (MD5) uqinisekiso. Zombini iifom zisebenza ngendlela efanayo, ngaphandle kokuba i-MD5 ithumela "i-digest yomyalezo" endaweni yesitshixo sokuqinisekisa ngokwayo. I-digest yomyalezo yenziwa kusetyenziswa isitshixo kunye nomyalezo, kodwa isitshixo ngokwaso asithunyelwanga, sithintela ukuba sifundwe ngelixa sihanjiswa. Uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo olungenanto luthumela iqhosha lokuqinisekisa ngokwalo phezu kocingo.

Phawula
Qaphela ukuba uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo olungenanto alukhuthazwa ukuba lusetyenziswe njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sakho sokhuseleko. Usetyenziso lwayo oluphambili kukuphepha utshintsho olungengozi kwisiseko somzila. Ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwe-MD5, nangona kunjalo, yindlela yokhuseleko ekhuthazwayo. Kumbhalo ongenanto wokuqinisekisa, irutha yommelwane ngamnye othatha inxaxheba kufuneka abelane ngesitshixo sokuqinisekisa. Eli qhosha lichazwe kwi-router nganye ngexesha loqwalaselo. Izitshixo ezininzi zinokuchazwa ngemigaqo ethile; iqhosha ngalinye kufuneka lichongwe ngenani eliphambili. Ngokubanzi, xa uhlaziyo lwendlela luthunyelwa, olu landelelwano lulandelayo lwentembeko lwenzeka:

1. I-router ithumela uhlaziyo lwendlela kunye nesitshixo kunye nenombolo ehambelana nayo kwi-router engummelwane. Kwiiprothokholi ezinokuba neqhosha elinye kuphela, inani eliphambili lihlala lingu-zero. I-router yokwamkela (ummelwane) ijonga iqhosha elifunyenweyo ngokuchasene neqhosha elifanayo eligcinwe kwimemori yalo.
2. Ukuba amaqhosha amabini ayahambelana, umzila owamkelayo uyayamkela ipakethi yohlaziyo lwendlela. Ukuba amaqhosha amabini awahambelani, ipakethi yohlaziyo lwendlela iyaliwa.

Uqinisekiso lwe-MD5 lusebenza ngokufanayo kuqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo olungenanto, ngaphandle kokuba isitshixo asizange sithunyelwe ngaphaya kocingo. Kunoko, i-router isebenzisa i-algorithm ye-MD5 ukuvelisa "i-digest yomyalezo" yesitshixo (ebizwa ngokuba yi "hash"). Umyalezo digest uyathunyelwa endaweni yeqhosha ngokwalo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu unokumamela emgceni kwaye afunde izitshixo ngexesha lothumelo.

Olunye uhlobo lokuqinisekiswa kwe-router yommelwane kukuqwalasela ulawulo oluphambili usebenzisa amakhonkco angundoqo. Xa uqwalasela ikhonkco elibalulekileyo, ukhankanya uthotho lwezitshixo kunye nexesha lokuphila, kunye neCisco IOS software ijikeleza ngesinye sezitshixo. Oku kunciphisa amathuba okuba izitshixo zithotyelwe. Ukufumana ulwazi olupheleleyo loqwalaselo lwamatyathanga angundoqo, bhekisa kwicandelo elithi "Ulawulo lwezitshixo zoQinisekiso" kwi-Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features module yeCisco IOS IP Routing: Protocol-Independent Configuration Guide.

Ukulibaziseka kwe-IP-RIP Qala kwakhonaview
IP-RIP Delay Start feature isetyenziswa kwizixhobo zeCisco ukulibazisa ukuqaliswa kweeseshoni zeProtocol yoLwazi lweRouting 2 (RIPv2) ummelwane de uqhagamshelo lothungelwano phakathi kwezixhobo zommelwane lusebenze ngokupheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela kuqinisekisa ukuba inani lolandelelwano lomyalezo wokuqala wokugaya. algorithm 5 (MD5) ipakethe ukuba isixhobo ithumela isixhobo ummelwane non-Cisco yi 0. Ukuziphatha okungagqibekanga isixhobo iqwalaselwe ukuseka RIPv2 ummelwane iiseshoni ngesixhobo ummelwane usebenzisa uqinisekiso MD5 kukuqalisa ukuthumela iipakethi MD5 xa ujongano olubonakalayo. phezulu.

IP-RIP Delay Start feature idla ngokusetyenziswa xa isixhobo Cisco iqwalaselwe ukuseka RIPv2 ummelwane ubudlelwane usebenzisa MD5 uqinisekiso kunye nesixhobo non-Cisco phezu womnatha Isakhelo Relay. Xa abamelwane be-RIPv2 beqhagamshelwe phezu kwe-Frame Relay, kuyenzeka ukuba ujongano lothotho oluqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano lweSakhelo soRelay lube phezulu ngelixa iisekethe eziphantsi zeSakhelo soRelay zingekakulungeli ukuthumela nokufumana idatha.

Xa ujongano lwe-serial luphezulu kwaye iisekethe ze-Frame Relay zingekasebenzi, naziphi na iipakethi ze-MD5 isixhobo esizama ukuzithumela kujongano lothotho ziyalahlwa. Xa iipakethi ze-MD5 zilahlwa ngenxa yokuba iisekethe ze-Frame Relay ezifuna ukuhanjiswa phezu kwazo azikasebenzi, inani lokulandelelana kwepakethi yokuqala ye-MD5 efunyenwe yisixhobo sommelwane emva kokuba iisekethe ze-Frame Relay zisebenze ziya kuba zikhulu kune-0. izixhobo non-Cisco akayi kuvumela iseshoni engummelwane MD5-eziqinisekisiweyo RIPv2 ukuqala xa ulandelelwano inombolo yokuqala MD5 ipakethi efunyenwe kwesinye isixhobo mkhulu kuno-0.

Umahluko ekuphunyezweni komthengisi we-MD5 yokuqinisekisa i-RIPv2 mhlawumbi isiphumo sokungacaci kwe-RFC echaphazelekayo (RFC 2082) ngokubhekiselele kwilahleko yepakethe. I-RFC 2082 icebisa ukuba izixhobo kufuneka zilungele ukwamkela nokuba inani lolandelelwano lwe-0 okanye inombolo yolandelelwano ephezulu kunenombolo yokugqibela yolandelelwano efunyenweyo. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nolwamkelo lomyalezo we-MD5 we-RIPv2, bona icandelo 3.2.2 le-RFC 2082 ngoku kulandelayo urlumthombo: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2082.txt.
I-IP-RIP Delay Start feature ixhaswa ngaphezu kwezinye iindidi ze-interface ezifana ne-Fast Ethernet kunye ne-Gigabit Ethernet.

Izixhobo zeCisco zivumela iseshoni yommelwane we-MD5-eqinisekisiweyo ye-RIPv2 ukuba iqale xa inani lolandelelwano lwepakethi yokuqala ye-MD5 efunyenwe kwesinye isixhobo inkulu kuno 0. Ukuba usebenzisa izixhobo zeCisco kuphela kuthungelwano lwakho, akuyomfuneko ukuba usebenzise i-IP. -RIP Ukulibazisa Qala inqaku.

Uluhlu lwe-offset
Uluhlu lokulinganisa yindlela yokwandisa iimetrics ezingenayo neziphumayo kwiindlela ezifundwe nge-RIP. Oku kwenzelwa ukubonelela ngendlela yasekuhlaleni yokunyusa ixabiso leemethrikhi zomzila. Ngokuzithandela, unganciphisa uluhlu lwe-offset kunye noluhlu lofikelelo okanye ujongano.

Izibali-xesha
Iiprothokholi zendlela zisebenzisa izibali-xesha ezininzi ezimisela iinguqu ezifana nezihlandlo zohlaziyo lwendlela, ubude bexesha phambi kokuba indlela ingasebenzi, kunye nezinye iiparamitha. Ungahlengahlengisa ezi zibali-xesha ukuze ulungelelanise indlela yokusebenza kweprotocol ukuze ilungele iimfuno zakho ze-intanethi. Unokwenza olu hlengahlengiso lulandelayo lwesibali-xesha:

• Ireyithi (ixesha kwimizuzwana phakathi kohlaziyo) apho uhlaziyo lwendlela luthunyelwa khona
• Isithuba sexesha (kwimizuzwana) emva kokuba indlela ibhengezwe njengengasebenziyo
• Ixesha lekhefu (kwimizuzwana) apho ulwazi lwendlela malunga neendlela ezingcono lucinezelwe
• Ubungakanani bexesha (ngemizuzwana) ekufuneka lidlule phambi kokuba indlela isuswe kwitafile yokukhokela
• Isixa sexesha apho uhlaziyo lwendlela luya kumiswa

Kukwayenzeka ukuba uhlengahlengise inkxaso yendlela ye-IP kwisoftware ukwenza ukudibanisa okukhawulezileyo kweendlela ezahlukeneyo ze-algorithms zendlela ye-IP, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukubuyisela umva ngokukhawuleza kwiirutha ezingafunekiyo. Isiphumo esipheleleyo kukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokuphelisa abasebenzisi bothungelwano kwiimeko apho ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile.

Uyiqwalasela njani i-RIP

Ukuvumela i-RIP kunye nokuQinisekisa i-RIP Parameters

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. i-router rip
4. idilesi ye-IP yenethiwekhi
5. ummelwane ip-idilesi
6. offset-luhlu [ufikelelo-luhlu-inombolo | ukufikelela-uluhlu-igama] {kwi | out} offset [i-interface-type interface-number]
7. uhlaziyo olusisiseko olungasebenziyo ukubamba ixesha [ixesha lokulala]
8. isiphelo

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Isixhobo> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Isixhobo# qwalasela i-terminal	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	i-router rip Example:   Isixhobo(config)# umzila rip	Yenza inkqubo ye-RIP yomzila kwaye ingenise imowudi yokumisela i-router.
Inyathelo loku-4	inethiwekhi IP-idilesi Example:   Isixhobo(config-router)# network 10.1.1.0	Inxulumanisa inethiwekhi kunye nenkqubo ye-RIP yomzila.
Inyathelo loku-5	ummelwane IP-idilesi Example:   Isixhobo(config-router)# ummelwane 10.1.1.2	Ichaza isixhobo esisebumelwaneni ekunokutshintshiselana ngaso ulwazi lwendlela.
Inyathelo loku-6	offset-uluhlu [uluhlu-inombolo-inombolo | uluhlu-lokufikelela-igama] {in | ngaphandle} i-offset [ujongano-inombolo yojongano]	(Ngokhetho) Isebenzisa uluhlu olulungelelanisiweyo kwiimethrikhi zomzila.

	Example:   Isixhobo(config-router)# offset-uluhlu 98 ngo 1 Ethernet 1/0
Inyathelo loku-7	izibali-xesha zisisiseko hlaziya ukubamba okugungxulwayo okungasebenziyo [ixesha lokulala] Example:   Isixhobo(config-router)# izibali-xesha ezisisiseko 1 2 3 4	(Ngokhetho) Lungisa izibali-xesha zendlela yendlela.
Inyathelo loku-8	isiphelo Example:   Isixhobo(config-router)# ekupheleni	Iphuma kwimowudi yoqwalaselo kwaye ibuyela kwimo ye-EXEC yamalungelo.

Ukuchaza i-RIP Version kunye nokuVumela uQinisekiso

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. i-router rip
4. inguqulo {1 | 2}
5. Phuma
6. inombolo yodidi lojongano
7. ip rip thumela uhlobo [1] [2]
8. ip rip fumana uguqulelo [1] [2]
9. ip rip uqinisekiso isitshixo-itsheyini igama-of-chain
10. ip rip indlela yokuqinisekisa {okubhaliweyo | md5}
11. isiphelo

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Isixhobo> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Isixhobo# qwalasela i-terminal	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.

Inyathelo loku-3	i-router rip Example:   Isixhobo(config)# umzila rip	Ingena kwimowudi yokumisela irutha.
Inyathelo loku-4	inguqulelo {1 | 2} Example:   Isixhobo(config-router)# version 2	Yenza isoftware yeCisco ithumele kuphela iipakethi zeRIP Version 2 (RIPv2).
Inyathelo loku-5	Phuma Example:   Isixhobo(config-router)# phuma	Iphuma kwimowudi yokumisela i-router kwaye ingena kwimodi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-6	ujongano chwetheza inombolo Example:   Isixhobo(config)# ujongano Ethernet 3/0	Ixela ujongano kwaye ingenisa imowudi yojongano lojongano.
Inyathelo loku-7	ip rip thumela uhlobo [1] [2] Example:   Isixhobo(config-ukuba)# ip rip thumela uguqulelo 2	Qwalasela ujongano ukuthumela kuphela iipakethi zeRIPv2.
Inyathelo loku-8	ip rip fumana uguqulelo [1] [2] Example:   Isixhobo(config-ukuba)# ip rip fumana uguqulelo 2	Qwalasela ujongano ukwamkela iipakethi zeRIPv2 kuphela.
Inyathelo loku-9	ip rip yokuqinisekisa isitshixo-chain igama-ye-chain Example:   Isixhobo(config-ukuba)# ip rip uqinisekiso isitshixo-chainname	Yenza uqinisekiso lwe-RIP.
Inyathelo loku-10	ip rip indlela yokuqinisekisa {umbhalo | md5} Example:   Isixhobo(config-ukuba)# ip rip imo yokuqinisekisa md5	Iqwalasela ujongano lokusebenzisa umyalezo digest algorithm 5 (MD5) uqinisekiso (okanye uyiyeke ingagqibekanga kuqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo okungenanto).
Inyathelo loku-11	isiphelo Example:   Isixhobo(config-ukuba)# ekupheleni	Iphuma kwimowudi yoqwalaselo kwaye ibuyela kwimo ye-EXEC yamalungelo.

Ushwankathela iindlela ze-RIP
I-RIP Version 2 ixhasa ushwankathelo lwendlela oluzenzekelayo ngokwendalo. Isoftware ishwankathela izimaphambili kumda womnatha wodidi xa imida yothungelwano yodidi igqitywe. Ukuba uqhawule i-subnets, cima ushwankathelo lwendlela oluzenzekelayo ukuthengisa ii-subnets. Xa ushwankathelo lwendlela luvaliwe, isoftware ithumela i-subnet kunye ne-hosting information ye-routing kuyo yonke imida yodidi lwenethiwekhi. Ukuvala ushwankathelo oluzenzekelayo, sebenzisa umyalelo othi akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo kwimowudi yoqwalaselo lwerouter.

Phawula
Isibhengezo se-Supernet (intengiso nasiphi na isimaphambili sothungelwano esingaphantsi kunothungelwano oluludidi oluphezulu) aluvumelekanga kushwankathelo lwendlela ye-RIP, ngaphandle kokwazisa nge-supernet efundwe kwiitheyibhile zokubonisa. IiSupernets ezifundwe kulo naluphi na ujongano oluphantsi koqwalaselo zisafundwa.

UmzekeloampLe, ushwankathelo olulandelayo alusebenzi: (ushwankathelo olungasebenziyo lwe-supernet)

• Umzila(config)# ujongano Ethernet 1
• Umzila(config-ukuba)# ip isishwankathelo-idilesi rip 10.0.0.0 252.0.0.0>

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. inombolo yodidi lojongano
4. ip isishwankathelo-idilesi rip ip-idilesi yenethiwekhi-imaski
5. Phuma
6. i-router rip
7. akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo
8. isiphelo

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Umzila> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Umzila# qwalasela isiphelo sendlela	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	ujongano chwetheza inombolo Example:	Ingenisa imowudi yoqwalaselo lojongano.

	Umzila(config)# ujongano Ethernet 3/0
Inyathelo loku-4	ip isishwankathelo-idilesi rip IP-adresi yenethiwekhi-imaski Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# ip isishwankathelo-idilesi rip 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0	Ikhankanya idilesi ye-IP kunye nemaski womnatha ochonga iindlela eziza kushwankathelwa.
Inyathelo loku-5	Phuma Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# phuma	Iphuma kwindlela yoqwalaselo lojongano.
Inyathelo loku-6	i-router rip Example:   Umzila(config)# umzila ukukrazula	Ingenisa imowudi yokumisela i-router.
Inyathelo loku-7	akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo Example:   Umzila(config-router)# akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo	Isetyenziswe kwimowudi yokumisela i-router, ikhubaza isishwankathelo esizenzekelayo.
Inyathelo loku-8	isiphelo Example:   Umzila(config-router)# ekupheleni	Iphuma kwimowudi yoqwalaselo kwaye ibuyela kwimo ye-EXEC yamalungelo.

Ukuvula okanye ukuKhubaza i-Slit Horizon
Ukwenza okanye ukukhubaza i-horizon eyahlulayo, sebenzisa le miyalelo ilandelayo kwimo yoqwalaselo lojongano, njengoko kufuneka.

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. inombolo yodidi lojongano
4. ip yokwahlula-umbono
5. akukho ip split-horizon
6. isiphelo

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo.

	Example:   Umzila> vula	• Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Umzila# qwalasela isiphelo sendlela	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	ujongano chwetheza inombolo Example:   Umzila(config)# ujongano Ethernet 3/0	Ngenisa imo yoqwalaselo lojongano.
Inyathelo loku-4	ip yokwahlula-umbono Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# ip yokwahlula-indawo ephakathi	Yenza i-horizon eyahlulahlulwe.
Inyathelo loku-5	akukho ip split-horizon Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# akukho ip-yantlukwano-horizon	Ikhubaza i-horizon eyahlukileyo.
Inyathelo loku-6	isiphelo Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# ekupheleni	Iphuma kwimowudi yoqwalaselo kwaye ibuyela kwimo ye-EXEC yamalungelo.

Ikhubaza ukuQinisekiswa koMthombo weedilesi ze-IP
Yenza lo msebenzi ukukhubaza umsebenzi ongagqibekanga oqinisekisa umthombo weedilesi zeIP zohlaziyo lwendlela engenayo.

Phawula
Ukwahlula i-horizon ye-Frame Relay kunye ne-SMDS encapsulation ivaliwe ngokungagqibekanga. I-Split horizon ayivalwanga ngokungagqibekanga kujongano kusetyenziswa nayiphi na i-X.25 encapsulations. Kuzo zonke ezinye ii-encapsulations, i-horizon yokwahlula yenziwe ngokungagqibekanga. Ngokubanzi, ukutshintsha imeko yokusilela akukhuthazwa ngaphandle kokuba uqinisekile ukuba isicelo sakho sifuna ukwenza utshintsho ukuze upapashe iindlela ngokufanelekileyo. Khumbula ukuba ukuba i-horizon eyahlulayo ivaliwe kujongano lothotho (kwaye olo jongano luncanyathiselwe kuthungelwano olutshintshiweyo lwepakethe), kufuneka ukhubaze i-horizon yokwahlula kuzo zonke iirutha kuwo nawaphi na amaqela afanelekileyo osasazo oluninzi kulo msebenzi wothungelwano.

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. inombolo yodidi lojongano
4. ip yokwahlula-umbono
5. Phuma
6. i-router rip
7. akukho qinisekisa-uhlaziyo-umthombo
8. isiphelo

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Umzila> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Umzila# qwalasela isiphelo sendlela	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	ujongano chwetheza inombolo Example:   Umzila(config)# ujongano Ethernet 3/0	Ngenisa imo yoqwalaselo lojongano.
Inyathelo loku-4	ip yokwahlula-umbono Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# ip yokwahlula-indawo ephakathi	Yenza i-horizon eyahlulahlulwe.
Inyathelo loku-5	Phuma Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# phuma	Iphuma kwindlela yoqwalaselo lojongano.
Inyathelo loku-6	i-router rip Example:   Umzila(config)# umzila ukukrazula	Ingena kwimowudi yokumisela irutha.
Inyathelo loku-7	akukho qinisekisa-uhlaziyo-umthombo Example:   Indlela (config-router)# akukho qinisekisa-uhlaziyo-umthombo	Ikhubaza ukuqinisekiswa kwedilesi ye-IP yomthombo wohlaziyo lwendlela ye-RIP engenayo.

Inyathelo loku-8

isiphelo Example:   Umzila(config-router)# ekupheleni

Iphuma kwimowudi yoqwalaselo kwaye ibuyela kwimo ye-EXEC yamalungelo.

Ukuqwalasela Ukulibaziseka kwe-Interpacket

Yenza oku ukuqwalasela ukulibaziseka kwe-interpacket.

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. inombolo yodidi lojongano
4. Phuma
5. i-router rip
6. imveliso-ukulibaziseka milliseconds
7. isiphelo

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Umzila> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Umzila# qwalasela isiphelo sendlela	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	ujongano chwetheza inombolo Example:   Umzila(config)# ujongano Ethernet 3/0	Ngenisa imo yoqwalaselo lojongano.
Inyathelo loku-4	Phuma Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# phuma	Iphuma kwindlela yoqwalaselo lojongano.
Inyathelo loku-5	i-router rip Example:	Ingena kwimowudi yokumisela irutha.

	Umzila(config)# umzila ukukrazula
Inyathelo loku-6	ukulibaziseka kwemveliso imizuzwana Example:   Umzila(config-router)# ukulibaziseka kwemveliso 8	Iqwalasela ukulibaziseka kwe-interpacket yohlaziyo oluphumayo lwe-RIP.
Inyathelo loku-7	isiphelo Example:   Umzila(config-router)# ekupheleni	Iphuma kwimowudi yoqwalaselo kwaye ibuyela kwimo ye-EXEC yamalungelo.

Ukuphucula i-RIP ngaphezulu kwe-WAN

Kukho iingxaki ezimbini xa i-RIP ingalungiswanga:

• Usasazo lwexesha le-RIP luthintela ngokubanzi iisekethe ze-WAN ukuba zingavalwa.
• Nakwii-fixed, point-to-point links, i-overhead ye-RIP transmissions periodic inokuphazamisa kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kwedatha eqhelekileyo ngenxa yobuninzi bolwazi oludlula kumgca rhoqo ngemizuzwana ye-30.

Ukoyisa le mida, ukwandiswa kwe-RIP kubangela ukuba i-RIP ithumele ulwazi kwi-WAN kuphela xa kukho uhlaziyo kwisiseko sedatha. Iipakethi zohlaziyo lwamaxesha ziyacinezelwa ngaphezulu kojongano apho olu phawu luvulwe khona. I-RIP ye-traffic traffic iyancitshiswa kwi-point-to-point, i-interfaces ye-serial. Ke ngoko, unokonga imali kwisekethe efunwayo ohlawuliswa ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Izandiso ezivuselelweyo kwi-RIP zixhasa ngokuyinxenye i-RFC 2091, i-Triggered Extensions kwi-RIP ukuxhasa iiSekethe zeMfuno. Yenza lo msebenzi ulandelayo ukunika amandla izandiso ezivuselelweyo kwi-RIP kunye nokubonisa imixholo ye-RIP yedatha yabucala.

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. ujongano lwesilawuli-inombolo yesilawuli
4. ip rip yabangela
5. isiphelo
6. bonisa ip rip database [imaski yesimaphambili]

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Umzila> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.

Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Umzila# qwalasela isiphelo sendlela	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	uthotho lojongano umlawuli-inombolo Example:   Umzila(config)# ujongano lweserial3/0	Qwalasela ujongano lothotho.
Inyathelo loku-4	ip rip yabangela Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# ip rip yabangela	Yenza ukuba kuqhutywe izandiso kwi-RIP.
Inyathelo loku-5	isiphelo Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# ekupheleni	Ibuyisela kwimo ye-EXEC yamalungelo.
Inyathelo loku-6	bonisa ip rip database [imaski yesimaphambili] Example:   Umzila# bonisa ip rip database	Ibonisa imixholo ye-RIP yedatha yabucala.

ConfiguringIP-RIPDelayStartforRoutersConnectedbyaFrameRelayNetwork
Imisebenzi kweli candelo ichaza indlela yokuqwalasela i-router ukusebenzisa i-IP-RIP Delay Start feature kwi-Frame Relay interface.

Isigcini sexesha
Cisco routers vumela iseshoni yommelwane MD5-eziqinisekisiweyo RIPv2 ukuqala xa inani lolandelelwano lwepakethi yokuqala MD5 efunyenwe kwenye umzila mkhulu kuno 0. Ukuba usebenzisa kuphela Cisco imizila kuthungelwano lwakho, akuyomfuneko ukusebenzisa IP -RIP Ukulibazisa Qala inqaku.

Izinto ezifunekayo kuqala
Umzila wakho kufuneka usebenze Cisco IOS Release 12.4(12) okanye ukukhululwa kamva.

Phawula
I-IP-RIP Delay Start feature ixhaswa ngaphezu kwezinye iindidi ze-interface ezifana ne-Fast Ethernet kunye ne-Gigabit Ethernet. Ukuba umzila wakho weCisco awukwazi ukuseka iiseshoni zommelwane we-RIPv2 usebenzisa ungqinisiso lwe-MD5 kunye nesixhobo esingesoseCisco, i-IP-RIP Delay Start feature inokusombulula ingxaki.

Imiqathango
IP-RIP Ukulibazisa Qala inqaku ifuneka kuphela xa Cisco umzila wakho iqwalaselwe ukuseka RIPv2 ummelwane ubudlelwane kunye isixhobo non-Cisco kwaye ufuna ukusebenzisa MD5 ummelwane ungqinisiso.

Ukuqwalasela i-RIPv2
Lo msebenzi ofunekayo uqwalasela i-RIPv2 kwi-router. Lo msebenzi ubonelela ngemiyalelo yolunye kuphela kwiimvumelwano ezininzi ezinokwenzeka zokuqwalasela i-RIPv2 kumzila wakho.

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. i-router rip
4. inethiwekhi ye-ip-network
5. inguqulo {1 | 2}
6. [akukho] isishwankathelo esizenzekelayo

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Umzila> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Umzila# qwalasela isiphelo sendlela	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	i-router rip Example:   Umzila(config)# umzila ukukrazula	Yenza inkqubo ye-RIP yomzila, ekubeka kwindlela yoqwalaselo lwe-router.
Inyathelo loku-4	inethiwekhi ip-network Example:   Umzila(config-router)# network 192.168.0.0	Inxulumanisa inethiwekhi kunye nenkqubo ye-RIP yomzila.
Inyathelo loku-5	inguqulelo     {1 | 2} Example:   Umzila (config-router)# uguqulelo 2	Iqwalasela isoftware ukuze ifumane kwaye ithumele kuphela i-RIP Version 1 okanye iipakethi zeRIP kuphela ze-2.

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-6	[Hayi] isishwankathelo esizenzekelayo Example:   Umzila(config-router)# akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo	Ikhubaza okanye ibuyisela indlela yokuziphatha engagqibekanga yoshwankathelo oluzenzekelayo lweendlela ze-subnet kwiindlela zomgangatho wothungelwano.

Ukuqwalasela uKugqithiselwa kweSakhelo kwiSijongana esisezantsi sothotho
Lo msebenzi ufunekayo uqwalasela isijongana esisezantsi sothotho lweSakhelo soSahlulo.

Phawula
Lo msebenzi ubonelela ngemiyalelo enye kuphela kwezininzi zoguqulo olunokwenzeka ukulungiselela uqwalaselo loSakhelo loKugqithisela kumjongano ongaphantsi. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nemiyalelo yoqwalaselo lweSakhelo soNikezelo lweSakhelo, bona iSakhelo sokuQwalasela inxalenye yeCisco IOS Ebanzi-yeNdawo yoLungiselelo lweSikhokelo soThungelwano.

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. inombolo yodidi lojongano
4. akukho dilesi ye-ip
5. i-encapsulation frame-relay [inombolo ye-mfr | ietf]
6. isakhelo-relay lmi-uhlobo {cisco | antsi | q933a}
7. Phuma
8. inombolo yodidi lojongano/i-subinterface-inombolo {inqaku-kwinqaku | amanqaku amaninzi}
9. isakhelo-relay interface-dlci dlci [ietf | cisco]

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Umzila> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Umzila# qwalasela isiphelo sendlela	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	ujongano chwetheza inombolo Example:   Umzila(config)# ujongano lweserial3/0	Ixela ujongano kwaye ingenisa imowudi yojongano lojongano.

Inyathelo loku-4	akukho dilesi ye-ip Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# akukho dilesi ye-IP	Isusa idilesi ye-IP esele iqwalaselwe kujongano.
Inyathelo loku-5	i-encapsulation frame-relay [inombolo ye-mfr | ietf] Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# encapsulation isakhelo-relay ietf	Ikhankanya udidi lweSakhelo soRelay encapsulation yojongano.
Inyathelo loku-6	isakhelo-relay lmi-udidi {cisco | Ansi | q933a} Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# isakhelo-relay lmi-uhlobo ansi	Ixela uhlobo lojongano lolawulo lwesakhelo seSakhelo sendawo (LMI) yojongano.
Inyathelo loku-7	Phuma Example:   Umzila(config-ukuba)# phuma	Iphuma kwindlela yoqwalaselo lojongano.
Inyathelo loku-8	ujongano uhlobo        inani/i-subinterface-inombolo {khomba-kwinqaku | amanqaku amaninzi} Example:   Umzila(config)# ujongano olulandelelanayo3/0.1 inqaku-kwinqaku	Ixela isijongana-ntloko esisezantsi kunye nodidi loqhagamshelwano lwesijongano esingaphantsi kwaye singenise imo yolungelelwaniso lwesijongano esingaphantsi.
Inyathelo loku-9	isakhelo-relay interface-dlci dlci [ietf | cisco] Example:   Umzila(config-subif)# isakhelo-relay ujongano-dlci 100 ietf	Yabela isazisi soqhagamshelwano lwedatha (DLCI) kujongano olungaphantsi lweSakhelo.

Ukuqwalasela i-IP nge-MD5 yoQinisekiso lwe-RIPv2 kunye ne-IP-RIP Ukulibaziseka kwi-Subinterface yeSakhelo soRelay

USHWANKATHELO AMANYATHELO

1. yenza
2. qwalasela i-terminal
3. isitshixo igama-of-chain
4. inombolo yesitshixo
5. isitshixo-intambo yomtya
6. Phuma
7. Phuma
8. inombolo yodidi lojongano
9. akukho cdp yenza
10. idilesi ye-IP-idilesi ye-subnet-mask
11. ip rip indlela yokuqinisekisa {okubhaliweyo | md5}
12. ip rip uqinisekiso isitshixo-itsheyini igama-of-chain
13. I-ip rip yokuqala-ukulibaziseka
14. isiphelo

AMANYATHELO ENGCACILEYO

	Umyalelo or Isenzo	Injongo
Inyathelo loku-1	yenza Example:   Isixhobo> vula	Yenza imo ye-EXEC enelungelo. • Faka igama eliyimfihlo xa uyalelwe.
Inyathelo loku-2	qwalasela i-terminal Example:   Isixhobo# qwalasela i-terminal	Ingena kwimowudi yoqwalaselo yehlabathi.
Inyathelo loku-3	ikhonkco lesitshixo igama-ye-chain Example:   Isixhobo(config)# isitshixo chain rip-md5	Ixela igama lesitshixo sekhonkco kwaye ingenise imowudi yokumisela isitshixo.
Inyathelo loku-4	isitshixo inani Example:   Isixhobo(config-keychain)# isitshixo 123456	Ixela isichongi seqhosha kwaye ifake isitshixo sesixokelelwano imowudi yoqwalaselo. Uluhlu luvela kwi-0 ukuya kwi-2147483647.
Inyathelo loku-5	isitshixo-umtya umtya Example:   Isixhobo(config-keychain-key)# isitshixo-umtya abcde	Qwalasela umtya wesitshixo.
Inyathelo loku-6	Phuma Example:   Isixhobo(config-keychain-key)# phuma	Iphuma kwimowudi yokumisela iqhosha lesitshixo.
Inyathelo loku-7	Phuma Example:   Isixhobo(config-keychain)# phuma	Iphuma kwimowudi yoqwalaselo lwesitshixo.
Inyathelo loku-8	ujongano chwetheza inombolo Example:   Isixhobo(ulungiselelo)# ujongano olulandelelanayo 3/0.1	Ixela i-subinterface kwaye ingenise imowudi yolungelelwaniso lwesijongano esisezantsi.

Inyathelo loku-9	akukho cdp yenza Example:   Isixhobo(config-subif)# akukho cdp yenza	Ikhubaza iinketho zeCisco Discovery Protocol kujongano. Phawula              I-Cisco Discovery Protocol ayixhaswanga zizixhobo ezingezizo zeCisco; kunye ne IP-RIP Delay Start feature ifuneka kuphela xa uqhagamshela kwisixhobo esingeyo Cisco. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka ukhubaze iProtocol yokuFumana iCisco kuyo nayiphi na imidibaniso ofuna ukuyenza qwalasela i-IP-RIP yokuLibazisa iQalisa isici.
Inyathelo loku-10	idilesi ye-ip Idilesi ye-ip-subnet-mask Example:   Isixhobo(config-subif)# idilesi ye-ip 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0	Qwalasela idilesi ye-IP yesakhelo sonxibelelwano esingaphantsi.
Inyathelo loku-11	ip rip indlela yokuqinisekisa {umbhalo | md5} Example:   Isixhobo(config-subif)# ip rip imo yokuqinisekisa md5	Ixela indlela ye-RIPv2 yoqinisekiso.
Inyathelo loku-12	ip rip yokuqinisekisa isitshixo-chain igama-ye-chain Example:   Isixhobo (config-subif)# ip rip uqinisekiso key-chain rip-md5	Ikhankanya isixokelelwano esicwangcisiweyo sangaphambili seNguqulelo yoLwazi lweNdlela yoLwazi lweNdlela (RIPv2) yedigest algorithm 5 (MD5) yoqinisekiso.
Inyathelo loku-13	ip rip ekuqaleni-ukulibaziseka ukulibazisa Example:   Isixhobo(config-subif)# ip rip ukulibaziseka kokuqala 45	Iqwalasela i-IP-RIP yokuLibazisa uQalisa inqaku kujongano. Isixhobo siyakulibazisa ukuthumela ipakethe yokuqala ye-MD5 yoqinisekiso kummelwane we-RIPv2 ngenani lemizuzwana echazwe yi ukulibazisa ingxoxo. Uluhlu luvela kwi-0 ukuya kwi-1800.
Inyathelo loku-14	isiphelo Example:   Isixhobo(config-subif)# ekupheleni	Iphuma kwimowudi yoqwalaselo lwe-subinterface kwaye ibuyela kwimo ye-EXEC yamalungelo.

Uqwalaselo ExampLes ye RIP

Ushwankathelo lweNdlela Example
Le ex ilandelayoample ibonisa indlela ip isishwankathelo-idilesi riprouter umyalelo woqwalaselo enokusetyenziswa ukuqwalasela ushwankathelo kujongano. Kule example, subnets 10.1.3.0/25, 10.1.3.128/25, 10.2.1.0/24, 10.2.2.0/24, 10.1.2.0/24 kunye 10.1.1.0/24 zingashwankathelwa njengoko kuhlaziywe ngezantsi ngelixa uthumela ujongano.

• Umzila(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/2
• Umzila(config-ukuba)#ip isishwankathelo-idilesi rip 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0
• Umzila(config-ukuba)#ip isishwankathelo-idilesi rip 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0
• Umzila(config-ukuba)#ip isishwankathelo-idilesi rip 10.3.0.0 255.255.0.0

Ukwahlula iHorizon EksampLes

Ababini exampimixholo yoqwalaselo ihorizon eyahlulahluliweyo inikezelwe.

Example 1
Uqwalaselo olulandelayo lubonisa i-ex elulaampI-le yokukhubaza i-horizon yokwahlula kwikhonkco lothotho. Kule example, ikhonkco lothotho liqhagamshelwe kwinethiwekhi X.25.

• Umzila(config)# ujongano lojongano 0
• Umzila(config-ukuba)# encapsulation x25
• Umzila(config-ukuba)# akukho ip-yantlukwano-horizon

Example 2
Kwi-ex elandelayoampLe, umzobo ongezantsi ubonisa imeko eqhelekileyo apho akukho i-ip yokwahlula-i-horizon yojongano lojongano myalelo unokuba luncedo. Lo mzobo ubonisa ii-subnets ezimbini ze-IP ezifikelelekayo zombini ngokusebenzisa ujongano olulandelelanayo kwi-Router C (eqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano lweSakhelo seSakhelo). Kule example, ujongano lweserial kwiRouter C luhlalisa enye ye subnets ngokusebenzisa ulwabelo lwedilesi yesibini ye IP.

I-Ethernet interfaces ye-Router A, i-Router B, kunye ne-Router C (exhunywe kwiinethiwekhi ze-IP 10.13.50.0, 10.155.120.0, kunye ne-10.20.40.0, ngokulandelanayo zonke ziye zahlula i-horizon enikwe amandla ngokungagqibekanga, ngelixa i-serial interfaces ixhunywe kwiinethiwekhi 172.16.1.0. kunye ne-192.168.1.0 zonke zine-horizon ecazululweyo engasebenziyo ngaphandle komyalelo we-ip-horizon.Umfanekiso ongezantsi ubonisa i-topology kunye nojongano.

Kule exampLe, i-horizon eyahlulayo ivaliwe kulo lonke ujongano lothotho. I-Split horizon mayicinywe kwi-Router C ukwenzela ukuba i-network 172.16.0.0 ibhengezwe ku-network 192.168.0.0 nangokuphendululekileyo. Ezi subnets ziyadibana kwi-Router C, ujongano lwe-S0. Ukuba i-horizon eyahlulayo yenziwe yasebenza kujongano lothotho lwe-S0, ayinakubhengeza indlela ebuyela kuthungelwano lweSakhelo soKugqithiselwa kuyo nayiphi na yezi nethiwekhi.

Uqwalaselo lweRouter A

• ujongano lwe-ethernet 1
• idilesi ye-ip 10.13.50.1
• ujongano lwechungechunge 1
• idilesi ye-ip 172.16.2.2
• i-encapsulation frame-relay
• akukho ip split-horizon

Uqwalaselo lweRouter B

• ujongano lwe-ethernet 2
• idilesi ye-ip 10.155.120.1
• ujongano lwechungechunge 2
• idilesi ye-ip 192.168.1.2
• i-encapsulation frame-relay
• akukho ip split-horizon

Uqwalaselo lweRouter C

• ujongano lwe-ethernet 0
• idilesi ye-ip 10.20.40.1 !
• ujongano lwechungechunge 0
• idilesi ye-ip 172.16.1.1
• idilesi ye-ip 192.168.1.1 yesibini
• i-encapsulation frame-relay
• akukho ip split-horizon

Idilesi yamaxesha oSapho Example
Le ex ilandelayoample ibonisa indlela yokuhlengahlengisa idilesi yomntu ngamnye kumaxesha osapho. Qaphela ukuba usapho lwedilesi "notusingtimers" luya kusebenzisa inkqubo engagqibekanga ye-30, 180, 180, kunye ne-240 nangona ixabiso lexesha le-5, 10, 15, kunye ne-20 lisetyenziswa phantsi koqwalaselo lwe-RIP ngokubanzi. Izibali-xesha zedilesi azifumaneki njengelifa jikelele

• RIP uqwalaselo.
• Umzila(config)# umzila ukukrazula
• Umzila(config-router)# uguqulelo 2
• Umzila(config-router)# izibali-xesha ezisisiseko 5 10 15 20
• Umzila(config-router)# usasaze kwakhona oluqhagamshelweyo
• Umzila(config-router)# network 5.0.0.0
• Umzila(config-router)# default-metric 10
• Umzila(config-router)# akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo
• Umzila(config-router)#
• Umzila(config-router)# idilesi-usapho ipv4 vrf abc
• Umzila(config-router-af)# izibali-xesha ezisisiseko 10 20 20 20
• Umzila(config-router-af)# usasaze kwakhona oluqhagamshelweyo
• Umzila(config-router-af)# network 10.0.0.0
• Umzila(config-router-af)# default-metric 5
• Umzila(config-router-af)# akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo
• Umzila(config-router-af)# uguqulelo 2
• Umzila(config-router-af)# phuma-idilesi-usapho
• Umzila(config-router)#
• Umzila(config-router)# idilesi-usapho ipv4 vrf xyz
• Umzila(config-router-af)# izibali-xesha ezisisiseko 20 40 60 80
• Umzila(config-router-af)# usasaze kwakhona oluqhagamshelweyo
• Umzila(config-router-af)# network 20.0.0.0
• Umzila(config-router-af)# default-metric 2
• Umzila(config-router-af)# akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo
• Umzila(config-router-af)# uguqulelo 2
• Umzila(config-router-af)# phuma-idilesi-usapho
• Umzila(config-router)#
• Umzila(config-router)# idilesi-usapho ipv4 vrf notusingtimers
• Umzila(config-router-af)# usasaze kwakhona oluqhagamshelweyo
• Umzila(config-router-af)# network 20.0.0.0
• Umzila(config-router-af)# default-metric 2
• Umzila(config-router-af)# akukho sishwankathelo esizenzekelayo
• Umzila(config-router-af)# uguqulelo 2
• Umzila(config-router-af)# phuma-idilesi-usapho
• Umzila(config-router)#

Example: Ukulibaziseka kwe-IP-RIP Qala kwi-Frame Relay Interface

Izalathiso ezongezelelweyo
La macandelo alandelayo abonelela ngezalathiso eziyeleleneyo kuqwalaselo lweProtokholi yeeNgcaciso zeNdlela.

Amaxwebhu anxulumeneyo

Eyeleleneyo Umxholo	Uxwebhu Isihloko
Iimpawu ezizimeleyo zeProtocol, ukuhluza ulwazi lwe-RIP, ulawulo oluphambili (lufumaneka kwi-RIP Version 2), kunye neVLSM	Ukuqwalasela iProtokholi ye-IP Routing-Iimpawu ezizimeleyo
IPv6 Indlela: RIP ye IPv6	Cisco IOS IP Routing: RIP Configuration Guide
Imiyalelo ye-RIP: i-syntax yomyalelo epheleleyo, imo yomyalelo, imbali yomyalelo, ukungagqibeki, izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa, kunye ne-exampLes	Cisco IOS IP Routing: RIP Command Reference
Ukuqwalasela uKugqithiselwa kwesakhelo	Cisco IOS Wide-Area Networking Configuration Guide

Imigangatho

Umgangatho	Isihloko
Akukho nanye	—

Ii-MIBs

I-MIB	Ikhonkco le-MIBs
Akukho MIBS intsha okanye elungisiweyo exhaswayo kwaye inkxaso yee-MIB ezikhoyo ayikalungiswa.	Ukufumana nokukhuphela ii-MIBs zamaqonga akhethiweyo, ukukhutshwa kweCisco IOS, kunye neeseti zezinto, sebenzisa iCisco MIB Locator efumaneka koku kulandelayo. URL: http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs

Ii-RFCs

RFC	Isihloko
RFC 1058	Inkqubo yoLwazi lokuJonga
RFC 2082	RIP-2 MD5 Uqinisekiso
RFC 2091	Izandiso ezivuselelweyo kwi-RIP ukuxhasa iiSekethe zeMfuno
RFC 2453	RIP inguqulelo 2

Uncedo lobuGcisa

Inkcazo

Ikhonkco

Inkxaso yeCisco webindawo ibonelela ngezibonelelo ezibanzi ze-intanethi, kubandakanywa amaxwebhu kunye nezixhobo zokusombulula iingxaki kunye nokusombulula imiba yobugcisa ngeemveliso zeCisco kunye nobuchwepheshe. Ukufumana ukhuseleko kunye nolwazi lobugcisa malunga neemveliso zakho, ungabhalisa kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana neSixhobo sokuQatshelwa kweMveliso (efunyenwe kwiZaziso zeNdawo), i-Cisco Technical Services Newsletter, kunye neReally Simple Syndication (RSS) Feeds. Ukufikelela kwizixhobo ezininzi kwiNkxaso yeCisco webindawo ifuna i-ID yomsebenzisi weCisco.com kunye negama lokugqitha.

http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html

Ulwazi olululo lokuqwalasela i-RIP
Le theyibhile ilandelayo inikezela ngolwazi malunga nophawu okanye iimpawu ezichazwe kule modyuli. Le theyibhile idwelisa kuphela ukukhutshwa kwesoftware eye yazisa inkxaso yophawu olunikiweyo kuloliwe onikiweyo wokukhutshwa kwesoftware. Ngaphandle kokuba kuphawulwe ngenye indlela, ukukhutshwa okulandelayo kwaloo loliwe wokukhutshwa kwesoftware ikwaxhasa eli nqaku.
Sebenzisa i-Cisco Feature Navigator ukufumana ulwazi malunga nenkxaso yeqonga kunye nenkxaso yomfanekiso wesoftware yeCisco. Ukufikelela kwiCisco Feature Navigator, yiya ku www.cisco.com/go/cfn. Iakhawunti kwiCisco.com ayifunwa.

Uluhlu 1: Ulwazi olululo lokuLungiselela iProtokholi yoLwazi lokuhamba

Uphawu Igama	Ukukhutshwa	Uphawu Ulwazi
Ukulibaziseka kwe-IP-RIP	12.4 (12),	IP-RIP Delay Start feature isetyenziswa kwiirutha zeCisco ukulibazisa
Qala	15.0(1)M,	ukuqaliswa kweeseshoni zommelwane ze-RIPv2 kude kube yinethiwekhi uqhagamshelo phakathi kweerotha zommelwane lusebenza ngokupheleleyo,
	12.2(33)SRE,	ngokwenza njalo kuqinisekisa ukuba inani lolandelelwano lwepakethi yokuqala ye-MD5
	15.0(1)SY	ukuba umzila uthumela kwi-non-Cisco ummelwane umzila yi 0. I ukuziphatha okungagqibekanga kumzila omiselweyo ukuseka ummelwane we-RIPv2
		iiseshoni kunye nomzila ongummelwane usebenzisa uqinisekiso lwe-MD5 kukuqalisa
		ukuthumela iipakethi ze-MD5 xa ujongano lomzimba luphezulu.
		Le miyalelo ilandelayo yaziswa okanye yatshintshwa: ip rip
		ulibaziseko lokuqala.

IP Isishwankathelo	12.0(7)T 12.1(3)T	IP Isishwankathelo Idilesi ye-RIPv2 isici sazisa isakhono
Idilesi ye	12.1(14) 12.2(2)T	ukushwankathela iindlela. Ushwankathela iindlela kwi-RIP Version 2
RIPv2	12.2(27)SBB	kuphucula ukulinganisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuthungelwano olukhulu. Ukushwankathela
	15.0(1)M 12.2(33)SRE	Iidilesi ze-IP zithetha ukuba akukho kungena kwiindlela zabantwana (iindlela
	15.0S	eyilelwe nayiphi na indibaniselwano yeedilesi ze-IP ezizimeleyo
		equlethwe ngaphakathi kwedilesi yesishwankathelo) kwitheyibhile ye-RIP yomzila,
		ukunciphisa ubungakanani betafile kunye nokuvumela i-router ukuba iphathe
		iindlela ezininzi.
		Le miyalelo ilandelayo yaziswa okanye yalungiswa ngoku
		uphawu: ip isishwankathelo-idilesi rip.
Indlela	12.2(27)SBB	IProtokholi yeNgcaciso yeNdlela (RIP) yindlela eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo
Ulwazi	15.0(1)M 12.2(33)SRE	iprothokholi kwiinethiwekhi ezincinci ukuya eziphakathi kweTCP/IP. Yiprotocol ezinzileyo
Umgaqo-nkqubo	15.0S	esebenzisa umgama-vector algorithm ukubala iindlela.
Yaqala RIP	12.0(1)T 15.0(1)M 12.2(33)SRE 15.0S	I-RIP evuselelweyo yaziswa ukoyisa uhlaziyo lwe-RIP rhoqo ngaphezulu kwamakhonkco e-WAN asekwe kwisekethe. Izandiso ezivuselelweyo kwi-RIP zibangela ukuba i-RIP ithumele ulwazi kwi-WAN kuphela xa kukho uhlaziyo kwisiseko sedatha yomzila. Iipakethi zohlaziyo lwamaxesha ziyacinezelwa ngaphezulu kojongano apho olu phawu luvulwe khona. I-RIP ye-traffic traffic iyancitshiswa kwi-point-to-point, i-interfaces ye-serial.
		Le miyalelo ilandelayo yaziswa okanye yalungiswa: i-ip rip yabangela, bonisa i-ip rip database.

Uluhlu lwamagama

• dilesi usapho -Iqela leeprothokholi zenethiwekhi ezabelana ngefomathi efanayo yedilesi yenethiwekhi. Iintsapho zeedilesi zichazwa yi-RFC 1700.
• IS-IS -INkqubo ePhakathi ukuya kwiNkqubo ePhakathi. I-OSI link-state hierarchical routing protocol esekelwe kwi-DECnet yeSigaba V umzila, apho iirotha zitshintshiselana ngolwazi lomzila ngokusekelwe kwi-metric enye, ukumisela i-topology yenethiwekhi.
• LALA KAKUHLE -I-Protocol yeNgcaciso ye-Routing.RIP yiprotocol yomzila oguquguqukayo osetyenziswa kuthungelwano lwengingqi kunye nommandla obanzi.
• VRF -Indlela yeVPN kunye nomzekelo wokuhambisa. I-VRF inetheyibhile yendlela ye-IP, itheyibhile yokuthunyelwa ephuma, isethi yojongano olusebenzisa itheyibhile yokudlulisa, kunye neseti yemithetho kunye nemigaqo yendlela emisela ukuba yintoni na engena kwitheyibhile yokudlulisela. Ngokubanzi, i-VRF iquka ulwazi lomzila oluchaza indawo ye-VPN yomthengi efakwe kwi-PE router.

Ii-FAQ's

Yintoni imetriki esetyenziswa yi-RIP?

I-RIP isebenzisa i-hop count njenge-metric ukukala iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Ubalo lwe-hop lumele inani lezixhobo ezisendleleni.

Ngaba ndingayiqwalasela i-RIP yoqinisekiso?

Ewe, ukuba usebenzisa iipakethi ze-RIPv2, unokwenza uqinisekiso lwe-RIP kujongano. I-Cisco ixhasa uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo olungenanto kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-MD5.

Ngaba uqinisekiso lwesicatshulwa esingenanto lukhuselekile?

Hayi, uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo olungenanto alukhuselekanga njengoko iqhosha lesiqinisekiso esingafihlwanga lithunyelwa kuyo yonke ipakethe yeRIPv2. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe uqinisekiso lokubhaliweyo olungenanto kuphela xa ukhuseleko ingengomba.

Ndingalulawula njani utshintshiselwano lohlaziyo lwendlela nge-RIP?

Ungakhubaza ukuthunyelwa kohlaziyo lwendlela kujongano olukhankanyiweyo ngokuqwalasela umyalelo woqwalaselo wendlela yojongano yojongano.

Amaxwebhu / Izibonelelo

I-CISCO IOS XE 17.x IsiKhokelo soLungiselelo lwe-IP Routing [pdf] Isikhokelo somsebenzisi I-IOS XE 17.x IP isiKhokelo sokuLungiselela i-IP, i-IOS XE 17.x IP, iSikhokelo soLungiselelo lweNdlela, iSikhokelo soLungiselelo

Iimbekiselo

• Incwadi yokusebenzisa